PALS Test Answers(2023)ALL ANSWERS CORRECT

PALS Pretest Answers Chest Compression depth: Infant 1.5 inch or 4 cm (1/3 AP Diameter) Chest Compression depth: Child 2 inches or 5 cm (1/3 AP Diameter) Maximum Compression depth: Infant 2.4 in or 6cm Infant/children/adolescent compression rate 100-120 compressions a minute Ratio for single rescuer 30 compressions 2 breaths Ratio for 2 rescuer 15 compressions 2 breaths Rate of rescue breathing 1 breath every 6-8 seconds or 8-10 breaths/min Isotonic Crystalloids 2 examples NS & Lactated Ringers Fluid challenge is how much (in hypotension)? 20mL/kg (18kg gets 260 mL) BP parameters for PALS (minimum systolic in 4 age groups) 0-1month old= min 60 systolic 1 month-1 year= min 70 systolic 1 year-10 year= min 70+(2xage) systolic over 10 years= min 90 systolic Atropine dose pre-intubation Atropine 0.02 mg/kg Med: Shock refractory VF or pulseless Tachycardia Lidocaine or Amiodarone (used in field had better chance of survival but in hospital, either drug has same outcome) Amiodarone dosage 5mg/kg Epinephrine in Cardiac Arrest Indication all pulseless arrests, hypotensive shock, anaphylaxis, asthma, croup Targeted Temperature management post cardiac arrest 5 days of normothermia (36C-37.5C or 96.8F-99.5F)- NOT HYPOTHERMIA Inotrope drugs (3) Dopamine, Dobutamine, epinephrine (epi also vasopressor) Normoxemia is what %? 94% or above oxygenation 6 roles in PALS: team leader airway compressor monitor medication recorder Oxygen saturation level goals 94%-99% Fluid bolus during post cardiac arrest care 5-10 mL/kg over 10-20 minutes Causes of Secondary Brain Injury Hyperthermia Hypotension Hypoglycemia Hypoxia Defibrillation Joules (initial and refractory) 2J and then if refractory 4J Temp & timing for Permissive hypothermia post-cardiac arrest… how many days of normothermia after? 32C-34C (89.6-98.2) for 2 days followed by 3 days of normothermia 4 Spots for IO proximal tibia medial malleolus distal femur ASIS How to evaluate alert/awake/responsive? Appearance, Breathing, Circulation What should always follow IO? NS flush 5-10mL PALS 2022 Test Questions Q:1-A 5-year-old child in supraventricular tachycardia has adequate pulses with the rhythm. Supplemental oxygen is in place and vital signs are stable except for the elevated heart rate. The most appropriate next intervention for this child is: Mark one answer: • Unsynchronized cardioversion • Vagal maneuvers • Synchronized cardioversion • Amiodarone Q:2-A child has an advanced airway in place during cardiac arrest. How frequently should ventilations be given? Mark one answer: • Every 3 seconds • Every 6 seconds • Every 10 seconds • Every 12 seconds Q:3-You are using a bag-valve mask to resuscitate an infant, while another rescuer is performing chest compressions. What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to ventilations? Mark one answer: • 30 chest compressions to 2 ventilations • 15 chest compressions to 2 ventilations • 30 ventilations to 2 chest compressions • 15 ventilations to 2 chest compressions Q:4-You are alone performing infant CPR. What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to ventilations? Mark one answer: