[Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
1. . The most important thing to
establish in the first counsel-
ing session is
a.
the counseling relationship.
b.
likes and dislikes in the coun-
seling environment.
c.
fees for service.
d.
reimbursement potential by
insurance providers.
2. Absorption occurs in the d. Alcohol
stomach for which of the fol-
lowing nutrients? The stomach is the site of digestion of small
a. Vitamins amounts of lipid and protein. Large proteins
b. Carbohydrates are broken down into peptides. Otherwise,
c.Minerals the stomach breaks down food into small-
d. Alcohol er particles and passes it into the small
intestine, where absorption of all nutrients
EXCEPT alcohol takes place. Alcohol is ab-
sorbed through the stomach.
3. Pepsinogen is converted to c. hydrochloric acid.
pepsin when it comes in con-
tact with Pepsinogen is secreted in the stomach and
a. enterokinase. converted to its active form by the acid en-
b. trypsinogen. vironment of the stomach. Enterokinase is
c. hydrochloric acid. secreted by the brush border of the small
d. peptidases. intestine in response to the presence of
chyme. Trypsinogen is secreted by the pan-
creas and activated by enterokinase. Vari-
ous peptidases are secreted by the either
brush border or the pancreas.
4. Which of the following is a. Vitamin K
formed by bacterial synthesis
,[Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
in the colon? Colonic bacteria produce vitamin K, vitamin
a. Vitamin K B12, thiamin, and riboflavin. Vitamin D may
b. Vitamin D be metabolized by exposure of precursor
c. Vitamin B6 vitamin D in the skin to ultraviolet light. The
d. Niacin human body can synthesize niacin from
the amino acid tryptophan. Vitamin B6 must
be obtained from dietary sources such as
meats, whole grains, vegetables, and nuts.
5. After surgical removal of a c. Loss of absorptive tissue
large portion of the small in-
testine, what functional com- The small intestine is the primary site of
plication is most likely to de- nutrient absorption because of its large ab-
velop? sorption surface area. Secretions from the
a. Changes in dietary habits liver, gallbladder, and pancreas can still
b. Impaired digestion contribute to digestion of intestinal con-
c. Loss of absorptive tissue tents. However, decreased absorption of
d. Elimination of dietary nutrients and food components may result
residue in more intestinal remains and residue. A
patient may change dietary habits as a re-
sult of gastrointestinal discomfort experi-
enced after intestinal resection, but this is
not a functional complication.
6. The sight or smell of food pro- b. Hydrochloric acid
duces vagal stimulation of the
parietal cells of the gastric Parasympathetic innervation that causes
mucosa, resulting in the in- release of hydrochloric acid helps prepare
creased production of what? the stomach for the potential of receiving
a.Motilin food. After food chyme is passed into the
b.Hydrochloric acid small intestine from the stomach, secretin
c.Cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin are secreted to stimu-
d.Secretin late pancreatic secretion of water and bicar-
bonate. They also signal gallbladder con-
tractions and colonic motility, all resulting in
reductions in stomach emptying and duo-
denal motility. Motilin is secreted from the
duodenal mucosa during fasting to stimu-
late gastric emptying and intestinal motility.
,[Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
7. If a patient experiences malab- b. By increasing medium-chain fatty acids
sorption of fat resulting from in the diet
an impaired ability to produce
adequate bile salts for micelle Medium-chain fatty acids of 8 to 12 carbons
formation, how may fat ab- can be absorbed directly by mucosal cells
sorption be improved? without the presence of bile. The long-chain
a. By increasing short-chain fatty acids require micelle formation for ab-
fatty acids in the diet sorption. Short-chain fatty acids result from
b. By increasing medi- bacterial fermentation of malabsorbed car-
um-chain fatty acids in the bohydrates and fibers. As bile is produced
diet from cholesterol, dietary restriction of cho-
c. By increasing long-chain lesterol is negligible in regard to improve-
fatty acids in the diet ments in fat absorption.
d. By restricting dietary intake
of cholesterol
8. What is the function of se- c. Stimulation of the pancreas to secrete
cretin? water and bicarbonate
a. Stimulation of gastric secre-
tions and increased motility Secretin is the hormone that works in oppo-
b. Stimulation of gallbladder sition to gastrin. Whereas gastrin stimulates
contraction and the release of stomach digestion activities, secretin de-
bile creases gastric output and promotes pan-
c. Stimulation of the pancreas creatic secretions to neutralize the acidity
to secrete water and bicarbon- of chyme. Cholecystokinin is also secreted
ate when chyme enters the duodenum, and it is
d. Stimulation of the parietal responsible for stimulating the gallbladder.
cells to secrete gastrin
9. Which of the following is a list d. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypepti-
of enzymes released from the dase
pancreas?
a. Insulin, trypsin, and se- Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypepti-
cretin dase are three protein digestive enzymes
b. Lactase, isomaltase, and secreted by the pancreas. Insulin is an en-
dextrinase dogenous hormone secreted by the pan-
c. Protease, pepsin, and gas- creas. Secretin is a hormone secreted by
trin the small intestine. Lactase and isomaltase
(also known as dextrinase) are brush-bor-
, [Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
d. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and der enzymes. Pepsin, which is a protease,
carboxypeptidase and gastrin are hormones secreted by the
stomach.
10. In what form is dietary fat ab- b. Micelle
sorbed from the lumen of the
intestine? Fats must be emulsified into micelles so
a. Chylomicron that they may cross the unstirred water
b. Micelle layer that borders the brush-border mem-
c. Triglyceride branes. These micelles leave monoglyc-
d. Lipoprotein erides and fatty acids at the brush border,
where they are reabsorbed and reassem-
bled as triglycerides. The triglycerides are
packaged with cholesterol, fat-soluble vita-
mins, and phospholipids into chylomicrons,
which pass into the lymphatic circulation.
When these reach the liver, the chylomicron
components are repackaged into low-den-
sity lipoproteins.
11. Which of the following is true a. Probiotics are live microorganisms found
of probiotics? in food.
a. Probiotics are live microor-
ganisms found in food. Probiotics are live microorganisms, which
b. Probiotics are nondi- when administered in adequate amounts
gestible carbohydrates. confer a health benefit on the host. They
c. Probiotics act primarily on are found in fermented foods like yogurt and
bacteria in the proximal small sauerkraut or as a nutritional supplement.
intestine. Bacterial action is most intense in the distal
d. Probiotics cannot be given small intestine and large intestine.
as supplements because they
readily die.
12. By which transport mecha- a. Passive diffusion
nism are most vitamins ab-
sorbed from the small intes- Passive diffusion is limited by the number of
tine into the blood? channels available for nutrients to randomly
a. Passive diffusion pass through. Facilitated diffusion requires
b. Active diffusion the presence of carrier proteins, which may
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
1. . The most important thing to
establish in the first counsel-
ing session is
a.
the counseling relationship.
b.
likes and dislikes in the coun-
seling environment.
c.
fees for service.
d.
reimbursement potential by
insurance providers.
2. Absorption occurs in the d. Alcohol
stomach for which of the fol-
lowing nutrients? The stomach is the site of digestion of small
a. Vitamins amounts of lipid and protein. Large proteins
b. Carbohydrates are broken down into peptides. Otherwise,
c.Minerals the stomach breaks down food into small-
d. Alcohol er particles and passes it into the small
intestine, where absorption of all nutrients
EXCEPT alcohol takes place. Alcohol is ab-
sorbed through the stomach.
3. Pepsinogen is converted to c. hydrochloric acid.
pepsin when it comes in con-
tact with Pepsinogen is secreted in the stomach and
a. enterokinase. converted to its active form by the acid en-
b. trypsinogen. vironment of the stomach. Enterokinase is
c. hydrochloric acid. secreted by the brush border of the small
d. peptidases. intestine in response to the presence of
chyme. Trypsinogen is secreted by the pan-
creas and activated by enterokinase. Vari-
ous peptidases are secreted by the either
brush border or the pancreas.
4. Which of the following is a. Vitamin K
formed by bacterial synthesis
,[Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
in the colon? Colonic bacteria produce vitamin K, vitamin
a. Vitamin K B12, thiamin, and riboflavin. Vitamin D may
b. Vitamin D be metabolized by exposure of precursor
c. Vitamin B6 vitamin D in the skin to ultraviolet light. The
d. Niacin human body can synthesize niacin from
the amino acid tryptophan. Vitamin B6 must
be obtained from dietary sources such as
meats, whole grains, vegetables, and nuts.
5. After surgical removal of a c. Loss of absorptive tissue
large portion of the small in-
testine, what functional com- The small intestine is the primary site of
plication is most likely to de- nutrient absorption because of its large ab-
velop? sorption surface area. Secretions from the
a. Changes in dietary habits liver, gallbladder, and pancreas can still
b. Impaired digestion contribute to digestion of intestinal con-
c. Loss of absorptive tissue tents. However, decreased absorption of
d. Elimination of dietary nutrients and food components may result
residue in more intestinal remains and residue. A
patient may change dietary habits as a re-
sult of gastrointestinal discomfort experi-
enced after intestinal resection, but this is
not a functional complication.
6. The sight or smell of food pro- b. Hydrochloric acid
duces vagal stimulation of the
parietal cells of the gastric Parasympathetic innervation that causes
mucosa, resulting in the in- release of hydrochloric acid helps prepare
creased production of what? the stomach for the potential of receiving
a.Motilin food. After food chyme is passed into the
b.Hydrochloric acid small intestine from the stomach, secretin
c.Cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin are secreted to stimu-
d.Secretin late pancreatic secretion of water and bicar-
bonate. They also signal gallbladder con-
tractions and colonic motility, all resulting in
reductions in stomach emptying and duo-
denal motility. Motilin is secreted from the
duodenal mucosa during fasting to stimu-
late gastric emptying and intestinal motility.
,[Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
7. If a patient experiences malab- b. By increasing medium-chain fatty acids
sorption of fat resulting from in the diet
an impaired ability to produce
adequate bile salts for micelle Medium-chain fatty acids of 8 to 12 carbons
formation, how may fat ab- can be absorbed directly by mucosal cells
sorption be improved? without the presence of bile. The long-chain
a. By increasing short-chain fatty acids require micelle formation for ab-
fatty acids in the diet sorption. Short-chain fatty acids result from
b. By increasing medi- bacterial fermentation of malabsorbed car-
um-chain fatty acids in the bohydrates and fibers. As bile is produced
diet from cholesterol, dietary restriction of cho-
c. By increasing long-chain lesterol is negligible in regard to improve-
fatty acids in the diet ments in fat absorption.
d. By restricting dietary intake
of cholesterol
8. What is the function of se- c. Stimulation of the pancreas to secrete
cretin? water and bicarbonate
a. Stimulation of gastric secre-
tions and increased motility Secretin is the hormone that works in oppo-
b. Stimulation of gallbladder sition to gastrin. Whereas gastrin stimulates
contraction and the release of stomach digestion activities, secretin de-
bile creases gastric output and promotes pan-
c. Stimulation of the pancreas creatic secretions to neutralize the acidity
to secrete water and bicarbon- of chyme. Cholecystokinin is also secreted
ate when chyme enters the duodenum, and it is
d. Stimulation of the parietal responsible for stimulating the gallbladder.
cells to secrete gastrin
9. Which of the following is a list d. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypepti-
of enzymes released from the dase
pancreas?
a. Insulin, trypsin, and se- Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypepti-
cretin dase are three protein digestive enzymes
b. Lactase, isomaltase, and secreted by the pancreas. Insulin is an en-
dextrinase dogenous hormone secreted by the pan-
c. Protease, pepsin, and gas- creas. Secretin is a hormone secreted by
trin the small intestine. Lactase and isomaltase
(also known as dextrinase) are brush-bor-
, [Type here]
Krause's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition Test Bank
d. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and der enzymes. Pepsin, which is a protease,
carboxypeptidase and gastrin are hormones secreted by the
stomach.
10. In what form is dietary fat ab- b. Micelle
sorbed from the lumen of the
intestine? Fats must be emulsified into micelles so
a. Chylomicron that they may cross the unstirred water
b. Micelle layer that borders the brush-border mem-
c. Triglyceride branes. These micelles leave monoglyc-
d. Lipoprotein erides and fatty acids at the brush border,
where they are reabsorbed and reassem-
bled as triglycerides. The triglycerides are
packaged with cholesterol, fat-soluble vita-
mins, and phospholipids into chylomicrons,
which pass into the lymphatic circulation.
When these reach the liver, the chylomicron
components are repackaged into low-den-
sity lipoproteins.
11. Which of the following is true a. Probiotics are live microorganisms found
of probiotics? in food.
a. Probiotics are live microor-
ganisms found in food. Probiotics are live microorganisms, which
b. Probiotics are nondi- when administered in adequate amounts
gestible carbohydrates. confer a health benefit on the host. They
c. Probiotics act primarily on are found in fermented foods like yogurt and
bacteria in the proximal small sauerkraut or as a nutritional supplement.
intestine. Bacterial action is most intense in the distal
d. Probiotics cannot be given small intestine and large intestine.
as supplements because they
readily die.
12. By which transport mecha- a. Passive diffusion
nism are most vitamins ab-
sorbed from the small intes- Passive diffusion is limited by the number of
tine into the blood? channels available for nutrients to randomly
a. Passive diffusion pass through. Facilitated diffusion requires
b. Active diffusion the presence of carrier proteins, which may
