MED TERM: Chapter 5 TEST 2023 with 100% correct questions and answers

aneurysm a localized weak spot, or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery angi/o blood vessel angioplasty surgical repair of blood vessel anticoagulant slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming aort/o aorta arteri/o arteries ather/o plaque/fatty substance atherectomy the surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery atheroma a deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall atherosclerosis hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries atrial fibrillation occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall beta-blocker reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heart beat brady- slow cardi/o- heart carotid endarterectomy the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain coron/o- coronary defibrillation the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm electrocardiogram a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium -emia blood condition erythr/o- red erythrocytes mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow (red blood cells - RBC) hem/o blood hemoglobin the iron-containing pigment of the erythrocytes hemostatis to stop or control bleeding leuk/o white leukemia a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood leukocytes the blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances (white blood cells - WBC) leukopenia describes any situation in which the total number of leukocytes in the circulating blood is less than normal myelodysplastic a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow myocardial infarction the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup (heart attack) orthostatic low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up pericardium the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart phleb/o veins phlebitis the inflammation of a vein Raynaud's phenomenon a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress tachy- fast thromb/o- clot thrombocytopenia a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood transfusion reaction a serious, and potentially fatal, complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match valvulitis an inflammation of a heart valve varicose abnormally swollen veins, usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs ven/o- vein