Bioethics 2023 with verified questions and answers

Ethics A science of morals in human conduct. (how we aught to behave) Bioethics -Application of ethics to medicine and all life sciences -Discipline grounded in Principles -encompasses professionalism -a body of theories that can be taught -a public discourse Professionalism 'professing to be skilled' -value performance vs. payment -central: attitudes, behaviour, character -involves codes and standards -competencies that evolve during medical training Medicine A moral enterprise grounded in Standards Morals distinguish between right and wrong. May differ in cultural context vs. Ethics that do not vary Maxim General Rule or truth regarding conduct; described as common morality what the general public holds as common sense Law Enacted rule in a community enjoining or prohibiting certain actions. Integrated with morality and ethics (Enforces the morals of a given society) Philosophy is the use of reason and argument in seeking truth and knowledge of reality esp. in the principles governing existence Culture is the customs and achievements of a particular civilization Cultural Diversity Results from gloabilzation and international immigration Cultural Competence Patient specific care across any culture. NOT knowledge of all cultures, but ability to reflect and recog. own cultural preferences and biases and communicate effectively with pts. Informatics The science of processing data for storage and retrieval; need to be able to obtain reliable information (medical informatics) Data Basic Facts Information Data that has additional meaning in different contexts Knowledge information that is understood and defines relationships between different data Telehealth Provision of healthcare from a distance Bioethical concerns of telehealth -reduce pts. to data -websites with unreliable info -pts. may not understand or info could be misleading Beneficence -act in a patient's interest -prevent injury, illness -provide comfort -cure when poss Nonmaleficence -Do no harm -balance risk, side effects -patient utility vs. social utility