ATI Endo Practice Questions and Answers 2023

1. A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - "Have an eye examination once per year." - "Examine your feet carefully every day." - "Wear compression stockings daily." - "Maintain stable blood glucose levels." - - "Maintain stable blood glucose levels." Keeping blood glucose under control is the client's best protection against longterm complications of diabetes, since increased blood sugar contributes to neuropathic disease, and microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy, as well as to macrovascular complications. 2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding this type of insulin? - Insulin glargine has a duration of 3 to 6 hr. - Insulin glargine has a duration of 6 to 10 hr. - Insulin glargine has a duration of 16 to 24 hr. - Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. - - Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. Insulin glargine is a long duration insulin that has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. It is only dosed once a day. 3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. To focus on affective learning with this client, which of the following interventions should the nurse use? - Ask the client to perform a return demonstration of insulin injection. - Review the action of insulin therapy. - Explore the client's feelings about dietary modifications. - Have the client practice blood-glucose monitoring using a glucometer. - - Explore the client's feelings about dietary modifications. This teaching intervention allows the client to express his acceptance of this change and focuses on affective learning 4. A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse misread the client's morning blood glucose as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin does appropriate for a reading over 200 mg/dL before the client's breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? - Give the client 15 to 20 g of carbohydrate. - Monitor the client for hypoglycemia.- Complete an incident report. - Notify the nurse manager. - - Monitor the client for hypoglycemia. The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess or collect data from the client. The nurse should immediately check the client's blood glucose level, expecting it to be low because of the excessive dose of insulin. If it is within the expected reference range, the nurse should continue to monitor the client for signs of hypoglycemia. 5. A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling his glucose levels? - 6.3% - 7.8% - 8.5% - 10% - - 6.3% The client who has diabetes mellitus needs to manage activity and diet while monitoring blood glucose levels. High levels of blood glucose cause damage to kidney function. The goal for a client who has diabetes mellitus is to keep the HbA1c values at 6.5% or less. 6. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? - Exophthalmos - Palpitations - Weight gain - Diaphoreses - - The nurse should expect to find weight gain in clients who have hypothyroidism, even with no change in dietary intake. 7. A nurse s caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed regular insulin via a sliding scale. After administering the correct dose at 0715, the nurse should ensure the client receives breakfast at which of the following times? - 0720 - 0730 - 0745 - Regular insulin should be given 20 to 30 minutes before eating because the onset of action is 30 minutes. There are circumstances when this lag time guide can be adjusted. 8. A nurse is providing teaching about foot care for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?- "I should soak my feet before trimming my nails." - "I should buy new shoes late in the day." - "I should wear a clean pair of nylon socks every day." - "I should use a heating pad at night when my feet feel cold." - - "I should buy new shoes late in the day." The client's feet are larger later in the day. Therefore, this is the best time to buy new shoes. 9. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - "I'll wear sandals in warm weather." - "I'll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet." - "I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises." - "I'll soak my feet in cold water every night before I go to bed." - - "I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises." The client should check his feet daily to monitor for any problems and observe any other changes before they become serious. He can use a hand mirror to examine areas that are difficult for him to see. 10.A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day. - Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. - Consume less that 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day. - Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day. - - Consume less that 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day. Clients who have diabetes should adjust protein intake to less than 08 g/kg of body weight per day to delay renal injury.