NBCE Part II/III terms 2/3- 138 questions- with complete solutions

MC primary malignancy of bone, malignant proliferation of plasma cells infiltrating bone marrow. Can cause pathological collapse of vertebrae aka vertebral plana or wafer thin. Bone scan cold even though its a malignancy CORRECT ANSWERS: MM aka plasma cell sarcoma Moth eaten or permeative pattern of destrxn. Eats away at pedicle of bone. Swiss cheese appearance in the skull. Alkaline phosphatase is up. Use Bone scan CORRECT ANSWERS: lytic mets 20-40 yo. Ivory vertebrae, anterior body scalloping. Unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Biopsy to detect Reed Sternberg cells CORRECT ANSWERS: Hodgekins lymphoma over 40 years old, ivory white vertebrae, Most commonly from prostatic mets. Incr alkaline phosphatase. Bone scan CORRECT ANSWERS: Blastic mets Males over 50, 4 stages: lytic, combined, sclerotic, malignant. Causes cortical thickening, incr bone density, coarsened trabeculae, bone expansion, picture frame vertebrae, bowing deformities. No contra until stage 4 CORRECT ANSWERS: Pagets aka Osteitis deformans Top 4 Most common primary malignancies CORRECT ANSWERS: MM, Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma/fibrosarcoma, Ewings sarcoma M/C milgnancy found in children 10-30, periosteal reaction spiculated radiating sunburst in appearance. Diaphyseal. Alkaline phosphatase CORRECT ANSWERS: Osteosarcoma over 40 yo, periosteal rxn: spiculated radiating sunburst CORRECT ANSWERS: Chorndosarcoma fibrosarcoma 10-25 yo, mc at diaphysis of long bones, permeative and causes multi-paralleled onion skin laminated periosteal reaction. Bone expansion, codman's triangle, saucerization CORRECT ANSWERS: Ewings sarcoma over 40 yo, aberrant notochord cell tumor. MC found in the sacrum then the skkull CORRECT ANSWERS: Chordoma Scoliosis measurements and protocol under 20 - 21-40 - over 40 - over 50 - CORRECT ANSWERS: Scoliosis measurements and protocol under 20 - adjust and monitor 21-40 - send to orthopedist for bracing over 40 - surgcal consult