EMT FISDAP Cardiology Exam (Answered)
Verified Solution
Which intervention or interventions would have the MOST positive impact on the
cardiac arrest patient's outcome?
Early CPR and defibrillation
The AED gives "no shock" message to a patient who is in cardiac arrest. You
should:
Resume chest compressions
What is the maximum amount of time that should be spent checking for
spontaneous breathing in an unresponsive child?
10 seconds
When performing CPR on an adult, you should compress the chest to a depth of
___ at a rate of ___.
2.0-2.4 in, 100-150BPM
What is the appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for adult two-rescuer
CPR?
30:2
When checking for a pulse in an infant, which artery should you palpate?
Brachial
When performing CPR on an adult or child, you should reassess the patient for
return of respirations/circulation every ____ minutes.
2
What is the preferred method of removing a foreign body in an unresponsive
child?
Chest compressions
Cardiogenic shock is caused by:
Inadequate function of the heart muscle
Pericardial effusion
Collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium
Cardiac tamponade
Occurs when blood leaks into the space between the pericardium and the pericardial
sac
Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade:
Beck triad: the presence of jugular vein distention, muffled heart sounds, and a
narrowing pulse pressure where the systolic and diastolic blood pressures start to
merge.
Signs of cardiogenic shock:
-Skin may be cool, clammy, and ashen
-High BP
-Rapid, shallow breathing
-Weak, irregular pulse
-Anxiety, nausea
You arrive on scene to find a conscious 58YOF sitting up and reporting severe
chest pain and SOB. She is anxious and "feels like she's going to die." Her skin is
, pale, cool, and clammy and her pulse is rapid, weak, and irregular. Her breathing
is labored, with a RR of 28 breaths/min. Her SpO2 is 90%. Lung sounds show
crackles in all fields, and BP is 92/60 mmHg. What is your differential diagnosis of
the patient?
Cardiogenic shock
The heart is divided down the middle into left and right sides by the:
Septum
Which chamber of the heart receives incoming unoxygenated blood?
Atrium
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood?
Ventricles
Normal electrical impulses begin in the:
Sinoatrial (SA) node
What characteristic allows a cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously
without an external stimulus?
Automaticity
The sympathetic nervous system acts on the body by:
-increasing HR and RR
-constricting blood vessels in the muscles
The parasympathetic nervous system acts on the body by:
(directly opposes the sympathetic NS)
-decreases HR and RR
-constricts blood vessels in muscles
Increased oxygen demand in a normal heart is supplied by ______ of the
coronary arteries.
Dilation
The heart itself is supplied by blood through what vessels?
Coronary vessels
The iliac arteries descend into the:
femoral arteries
Which veins bring blood back to the right atrium?
Venae cavae
Systolic pressure is the:
maximum pressure generated in the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle
Pulses felt in the extremities are called:
Peripheral pulses
Pulses felt near the trunk of the body are called:
Central pulses
Decrease in blood flow to the heart is called:
ischemia
Disorder in which calcium an cholesterol build up and form a plaque inside the
walls of the blood vessels is called:
Athersclerosis
Occlusion:
Complete blockage of an artery
Verified Solution
Which intervention or interventions would have the MOST positive impact on the
cardiac arrest patient's outcome?
Early CPR and defibrillation
The AED gives "no shock" message to a patient who is in cardiac arrest. You
should:
Resume chest compressions
What is the maximum amount of time that should be spent checking for
spontaneous breathing in an unresponsive child?
10 seconds
When performing CPR on an adult, you should compress the chest to a depth of
___ at a rate of ___.
2.0-2.4 in, 100-150BPM
What is the appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for adult two-rescuer
CPR?
30:2
When checking for a pulse in an infant, which artery should you palpate?
Brachial
When performing CPR on an adult or child, you should reassess the patient for
return of respirations/circulation every ____ minutes.
2
What is the preferred method of removing a foreign body in an unresponsive
child?
Chest compressions
Cardiogenic shock is caused by:
Inadequate function of the heart muscle
Pericardial effusion
Collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium
Cardiac tamponade
Occurs when blood leaks into the space between the pericardium and the pericardial
sac
Signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade:
Beck triad: the presence of jugular vein distention, muffled heart sounds, and a
narrowing pulse pressure where the systolic and diastolic blood pressures start to
merge.
Signs of cardiogenic shock:
-Skin may be cool, clammy, and ashen
-High BP
-Rapid, shallow breathing
-Weak, irregular pulse
-Anxiety, nausea
You arrive on scene to find a conscious 58YOF sitting up and reporting severe
chest pain and SOB. She is anxious and "feels like she's going to die." Her skin is
, pale, cool, and clammy and her pulse is rapid, weak, and irregular. Her breathing
is labored, with a RR of 28 breaths/min. Her SpO2 is 90%. Lung sounds show
crackles in all fields, and BP is 92/60 mmHg. What is your differential diagnosis of
the patient?
Cardiogenic shock
The heart is divided down the middle into left and right sides by the:
Septum
Which chamber of the heart receives incoming unoxygenated blood?
Atrium
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood?
Ventricles
Normal electrical impulses begin in the:
Sinoatrial (SA) node
What characteristic allows a cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously
without an external stimulus?
Automaticity
The sympathetic nervous system acts on the body by:
-increasing HR and RR
-constricting blood vessels in the muscles
The parasympathetic nervous system acts on the body by:
(directly opposes the sympathetic NS)
-decreases HR and RR
-constricts blood vessels in muscles
Increased oxygen demand in a normal heart is supplied by ______ of the
coronary arteries.
Dilation
The heart itself is supplied by blood through what vessels?
Coronary vessels
The iliac arteries descend into the:
femoral arteries
Which veins bring blood back to the right atrium?
Venae cavae
Systolic pressure is the:
maximum pressure generated in the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle
Pulses felt in the extremities are called:
Peripheral pulses
Pulses felt near the trunk of the body are called:
Central pulses
Decrease in blood flow to the heart is called:
ischemia
Disorder in which calcium an cholesterol build up and form a plaque inside the
walls of the blood vessels is called:
Athersclerosis
Occlusion:
Complete blockage of an artery
