PATHO 370 FINAL EXAM GUIDE 2023 COMPLETE

PATHO 370 FINAL EXAM GUIDE 2023 COMPLETE. PATHO 370 Pathophysiology. Absence of menstruation is called amenorrhea. 31.Causes of hypomagnesemia include chronic alcoholism 32.Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete? carbonic 33.A patient with pancreatitis may experience muscle cramps secondary to hypocalcemia. 34.The arterial blood gas pH = 7.52, PaCO 2 = 30 mm Hg, HCO 3 – = 24 mEq/L demonstrates respiratory alkalosis 35.Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock? Crystalloids 36.A patient with flail chest will demonstrate outward chest movement on expiration. 37.What effect would adrenocortical insufficiency have on an individual’s response to surgical stress? More prone to hypotension 38.A patient who was involved in a fall from a tree becomes short of breath. The lung sounds are absent on one side. This patient is experiencing ________ shock. obstructive 39.Which statement is true about the incidence of multiple sclerosis? The age of onset ranges from 20 to 50 years. 40.Individuals with end-stage chronic renal disease are at risk for renal osteodystrophy and spontaneous bone fractures, because they are deficient in active vitamin D. 41.Modulation of pain signals is thought to be mediated by the release of endorphins 42.Surgical removal of a gland may result in hyposecretion 43.Narcotic administration should be administered carefully in patients with acute pancreatitis related to potential for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction 44.Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to blood or semen 45.Muscular dystrophy includes a number of muscle disorders that are genetically transmitted 46.A patient presents to the emergency department with a diastolic blood pressure of 132 mm Hg, retinopathy, and symptoms of an ischemic stroke. This symptomology is likely the result of hypertensive crisis 47.The nurse is swabbing a patient’s throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed sensitivity. TRUE 48.In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia). 49.Diabetes mellitus is the _leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in the US. 7 50.A patient who reported a very painful sore throat 3 weeks ago is now diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. When asked, “Why is my urine the color of coffee?”, the nurse responds “Your immune system was activated by your sore throat and has caused some damage in your kidneys that allows red blood cells to leak into the fluid that becomes urine and make it coffee-colored.” 51.A patient is exhibiting severe dyspnea and anxiety. The patient also has bubbly crackles in all lung fields with pink, frothy sputum. This patient is most likely experiencing acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema 52.The physiologic mechanisms involved in the pain phenomenon are termed nociception. 53.Glomerular disorders include nephrotic syndrome. 54.The primary reason that prolonged seizure activity predisposes to ischemic brain damage is that the lack of airway maintenance can lead to hypoxia. 55.Cerebral aneurysm is most frequently the result of subarachnoid hemorrhage. 56.Gastrointestinal drainage, perioperative and postoperative hypotension, and hemorrhage may all contribute to renal failure by causing acute tubular necrosis. 3 57.A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known as goiter 58.The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of extrinsic pathway 59.Patients with acute pancreatitis are generally made NPO and may require continuous gastric suctioning in order to remove the usual stimuli for pancreatic secretion. 60.Which clinical manifestation is not likely the result of a tuberculosis infection? Cyanosis 61.Which pulmonary function test result is consistent with a diagnosis of asthma? Reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 62.The most challenging aspect of treatment for chronic pancreatitis is pain control 63.The ________ system compensates for metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. respiratory 64.Rickets is characterized by soft, weak bones resulting from a deficiency of vitamin D 65.Which serum biomarker(s) are indicative of irreversible damage to myocardial cells? Elevated CK-MB, troponin I, and troponin T 66.A patient with pure left-sided heart failure is likely to exhibit pulmonary congestion with dyspnea 67.Orthostatic hypotension may be a manifestation of Parkinson disease 68.A patient admitted with bleeding related to esophageal varices could be expected to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of octreotide acetate. 69.The effects of excessive cortisol production include immune suppression. 70.Most muscle strains are caused by abnormal muscle contraction 71.Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic of ____shock.