NURS 6501 / NURS6501 Final Exam: Advanced Pathophysiology| Scored A| Question and Answers | Latest 2022 / 2023

NURS 6501 / NURS6501 Final Exam: Advanced Pathophysiology| Scored A| Question and Answers | Latest 2022 / 2023 1. A patient had a motor vehicle crash and suffered critical injuries to the brainstem. What physiological responses would the healthcare professional expect to see? ~ Answer: Pulse and blood pressure changes 2. A patient is having an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. What action by the healthcare professional is best? ~ Answer: Give the patient an antihistamine. 3. A healthcare professional is educating a patient on asthma. The professional tells the patient that the most successful treatment for chronic asthma begins with which action? ~ Answer: Avoidance of the causative agent 4. A student asks the healthcare professional to explain the pathophysiologic process of alcoholic cirrhosis. What statement by the professional would not be consistent with complete knowledge about this process? ~ Answer: Inflammation and damage leading to cirrhosis begin in the bile canaliculi. 5. How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity? ~ Answer: Angiotensin II activity is elevated. 6. A student asks the professor to explain what effect natriuretic peptides have during heart failure when the heart dilates. Which response by the professor is best? ~ Answer: Inhibits renin and aldosterone 7. What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? ~ Answer: Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls 8. The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to which factor? ~ Answer: Perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries 9. What mechanisms occur in the liver cells as a result of lipid accumulation? ~ Answer: Increased synthesis of triglycerides from fatty acids and decreased synthesis of apoproteins 10. A person wants to know if eating only plant-based foods is advisable as a way to cut cholesterol to near-zero levels. What response by the health care professional is best? ~ Answer: No, many hormones are made from cholesterol. 11. The Bainbridge reflex is thought to be initiated by sensory neurons in which cardiac location? ~ Answer: Atria 12. A person has hypothyroidism. What chemical does the healthcare professional advise the person to include in the diet? ~ Answer: Iodine 13. During the cardiac cycle, why do the aortic and pulmonic valves close after the ventricles relax? ~ Answer: Blood fills the cusps of the valves and causes the edges to merge, closing the valves. 14. If a patient develops acidosis, the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner? ~ Answer: Shift to the right, causing more oxygen (O 2) to be released to the cells 15. What does vomiting induced metabolic acidosis cause? ~ Answer: Retention of bicarbonate to maintain the anion balance 16. What is one function of a tumer cell marker? ~ Answer: To screen individuals at high risk for cancer 17. A patient suffered multiple traumatic injuries and received many blood transfusions within a few days of the injuries. For which medical condition should the healthcare professional monitor the patient for? ~ Answer: Hemosiderosis 18. A pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional advise the woman about? ~ Answer: Blood test for hyperthyroidism