Anthro exam 1 wvu 2023 with verified questions and answers

lemurs are found in what part of the world (not counting zoos) a. Iceland ascar d. south and central america e. Australia c. madagascar the measure of success under natural selection is a. how many offspring are produced b. whether an individual lives or dies c. how well adapted an individual is d. how well adapted the species is a. how many offspring are produced founder effect: a. is a type of genetic drift that results when only a small number of individuals from a larger propulsion starts a new population b. is a for of gene flow in which muted genes are recovered by genetic induction c. is a subset of natural selection, complementing differential fertility d. occurs when lost genes are recovered by a population through directed mutation a. is a type of genetic drift that results when only a small number of individuals from a larger population starts a new population anthropology is said to be "holistic" because it: a. makes use of both wire and spoken sources b. is concerned with primitive societies c. studies the mystical aspects of human experience d. combines studies of biological and cultural phenomena nes studies of biological and cultural phenomena according to the author of your textbook, the major goal(s) of anthropology is/are a. to explain the relationships between the actions of an individual and the behavior of a group b. to rescue indigenous cultures from extinctions c. to understand diversities and similarities among human societies, both past and present d. to study differences between distinct races of mankind and discover why some are superior to others c. to understand diversities and similarities among human societies, both past and present a unique research strategy of anthropologists which involves learning the language and culture of a group by participating in the group's daily activities is called a. assimilation b. cultural probing c. ethnography d. participant observation e. holistic interaction d. participant observation the dominant sense of the primates is a. smell b. vision c. hearing d. taste b. vision which subfield of anthropology is concerned with the reconstruction of past cultural systems a. physical anthropology b. cultural anthropology c. linguistic anthropology d. archaeology eology an ideology that advocates the superiority of certain races and inferiority of others and leads to prejudice and discrimination is a. relativism b. racism c. mongrelization d. clinalism b. racism to refer to something as a theory means that it a. is just a guess b. has yet to be proven c. has been well supported by scientific testing d. is probably not scientific c. has been well supported by scientific testing which subfield of anthropology is concerned with humans as a biological species a. physical anthropology b. cultural anthropology c. linguistic anthropology d. archaeology d. physical anthropology mutations are a. always harmful b. always more beneficial than previous forms of a gene c. the sources of new genetic variation d. produced only when there is increased radiation or pollution c. the source of new genetic variation the earliest primate like fossils date to... a. 65 million years b. 55 million years c. 5 million ears ago d. 250,000 years a. 65 million years ago physical anthropologists who study variation within and among human populations would be interested in questions such as a. what did the civilization of Egypt and Greece have in common with one another? b. are there similarities in marriage customs between moslems and jews? c. why do most africans have dark skin? d. why are French and Italian similar to one another ` c. why do most africans have dark skin many primates congregate in social groups or communities known as a. troops b. herds. c. flocks d. gaggles a. troops individuals who study living, nonhuman primates are known as a. ethnologists b. pongidologists c. astrologists d. primatologists primatologists darwin's idea about the major process of evolution is called a. descent with modification b. natural selection c. inheritance of acquired characteristic d. adaptation natural selection the earliest members of genus Homo were placed in that genus because of their a. large body size b. increased brain size n body proportions d. use of fire increased brain size primate evolution has produced some morphological characteristics that represent adaptations to _______ conditions, or life in the trees a. diurnal b. nocturnal c. omnivorous d. arboreal arboreal differences in size and morphology between males and females is called a. gender gap b. brachiation c. sexual dimorphism d. speciation sexual dimorphism in general, speciation occurs when: a. a part of a species decides to stop reproducing with the rest of the species b. a species gets spread out into a wide range of environments c. a big mutation instantly produces a new species d. a portion of a species becomes reproductively isolated from the rest. a portion of a species becomes reproductively isolated from the rest which subfield of anthropology is concerned with the human communication system a. physical anthropology b. cultural anthropology c. linguistic anthropology d. archaeology linguistic anthropolgy when a scientist begins with a general theory from which testable hypotheses are developed, he or she is said to be using the _____ method a. hypothesis b. deductive c. paradigm d. inductive deductive _______ is the earliest and most important trend in hominid evolution a. tool use b. reduction in the canine teeth c. bipedalism d. pair- bonding bipedalism the basic laws of inheritance were articulated by a. Gregor Mendel b. Charles Darwin c. Alfred Russell Wallace d. Archbishop James Usher gregor mendel the earliest well-established hominid fossils are placed in genus ______ a. Australopithecus b. Paranthropus c. homo d. hominidae australopithecus the study of pas cultures and lifestyles is the goal of a. ethnologists b. primatologists c. archaeologists d. forensic anthropologists e. anthropological linguists archaeologists the earliest recognizable primates ("primates of the modern aspect") appear in the fossil record during the a. Paleocene b. Eocene c. Pleistocene d. Pliocene pliocene popular perceptions and misperceptions of the other cultures have often been based on_______ a. hypotheses b. variables c. ethnocentrism d. scientific methodology e. ethnocentrism ethnocentrism in science, a proposed explain for some natural phenomenon is called a(n) a. hypothesis b. observation c. experiment d. theory hypothesis to say that anthropology is holistic means that it: a. contributes to many other disciplines b. overlaps and draws form the studies of many other disciplines c. looks for interrelationships among the parts of its subject d. studies the whole human species studies the whole human species the four subdisciplins of anthropology are a. physical , archaeological, cultural and linguistic anthropology b. ethnology, classics, physical geography and geology c. classical, prehistoric evolution and histrionics d. primatology, ethnohistory, paleontology, and archeology physical, archaeology, cultural, and linguistic anthropology science is a. a way of collecting facts b. the methodology used in laboratory research c. a method of inquiry d. only concerned with concrete things like gravity and chemicals a method of inquiry sexual dimorphism a. refers to differences between males and females of the same species b. a small prosimian that lives in Madagascar and only eats insects c. is found more frequently in arboreal primates d. is manifestation of 2 characteristics in one sex refers to differences (e.g., size) between males and females of the same species scientists speculate that the first mammals related to the primates appeared during the paleocene about _____ years ago a. 5 million b. 200 million c. 65 million d. 50,000 65 million the idea that organisms change during their lifetime an pass those changes on to their offspring is known as the theory of: a. acquired characteristics b. spontaneous generation c. scientific creationism d. catastrophism acquired characteristics a paleoanthropologist would be most likely to study a. prehistoric tools form a midden in Costa Rica b. a primitive tribe in the rainforests of Zaire c. fossilized human bones of early human ancestors d. archival data from church records in Finland fossilized human bones of early human ancestors grooming in primates is primarily a(n) _____ activity a. defensive b. aggressive c. social d. agonistic social gorillas use an unusual quadrupedal form of locomotion called: a. noyau b. brachiation c. knuckle walking d. diurnal sauntering knuckle walking the material products of former societies are known as a. artifacts b. fossils c. antiquaries d. legacies artifacts which subfield of anthropology is concerned with explaining the behavior variation among human societies a. physical anthropology b. cultural anthropology c. linguistic anthropology d. archaeology cultural anthropology the primary characteristic that identifies hominids as a taxonomically distinct group from other primates is a. habitual bipedalism b. the number and type of teeth c. social behavior d. aggression and murder habitual bipedalism you are visiting the zoo with some of your friends. you are looking at a primate in a cage that is hanging form its tail. your friends know that you are taking a course in anthropology ad ask you, "what kind of primate is that?" you royal that it is a(n) a. old world monkey b. pongid c. new world monkey d. hominid new world monkey the use of anthropological data to offer practical solutions to problems within a society is called a. ethnography b. forensics c. participant observation d. applied anthropology applied anthropology the science of classification , or _____, gives scientist a convenient way of referring to , and comparing , living and extinct organisms. a. arboreality b. primatology c. taxonomy d. brachiation taxonomy a group of organisms that have simile morphological characteristic and can potentially interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring is called a(n) a homology b. species c. analogy d. niche group species the name most closely associated with the system traditionally used to classify living things is a. darwin b. linnaeus c. lyell d. lamarck Darwin The idea that individuals have characteristics (variations) that allow them to survive in a particular environment and reproduce, passing these traits on to their progeny, is know as: a. heritability b. uniformitarianism c. random chance d. natural selection natural selection all of the genes possessed by a population are known as is: a. genetic complement b. polytypic unit c. polymorphic unit d. gene pool gene pool many new world monkeys have____ while old world monkeys do not possess this characteristic prehensile tails