oceans quiz 5 ,2023 with complete solution questions and answers

The oceans on Earth see significant effects from climate change, but they are not solely responsible for any climate changes that we observe on land. a) True b) False b) False Which of the following locations is least prone to large rotating tropical systems (hurricanes, typhoons, tropical cyclones) due to colder water being present at the surface. a) Northeast Pacific Ocean near Mexico b) Southwest Pacific Ocean near Guam c) Southeast Pacific Ocean near northern Chile d) Northwest Pacific Ocean near southern Japan c) Southeast Pacific Ocean near northern Chile What is a positive feedback effect that can occur during global warming when ocean currents take warm water to the deep ocean floor? a) the release of methane stored in ocean sediments causes it to warm even more b) ocean currents speed up resulting in warmer temperatures at high latitudes c) more carbon is sequestered due to productivity increases and the temperature cools d) up welling is enhanced so atmospheric carbon decreases and temperatures decline a) the release of methane stored in ocean sediments causes it to warm even more The sinking of ocean water to form the deep water current called the "global ocean conveyor' over time mixes the oceans from top to bottom. Where do these sinking surface waters occur? (select two) a) North Pacific b) Central Pacific c) North Atlantic d) Southern Ocean c) North Atlantic d) Southern Ocean The time that follows the Epoch of ice ages in the Cenezoic is the....... a) Pleistocene b) Eocene c) Pliocene d) Holocene d) Holocene Rossby waves in the jet stream are NOT related to... or influenced by..... (select three)? a) the strength of the trade winds b) the urban "heat island" effect c) the temperature variations over the land d) the temperature variations in the ocean e) changes in the output of the sun the flow of the atmosphere on a spinning Earth a) the strength of the trade winds b) the urban "heat island" effect e) changes in the output of the sun Which of the following is true about Southern California weather and climate? (select two) a) CA winter weather is not dependent on the amplitude and location of the jet stream b) During El Nino warm water events the California current strengthens and ecosystems thrive c) CA weather and climate depends partly on the strength and temperature of the California current d) CA weather and climate is altered by changes to ocean currents in the Pacific Ocean e) CA "summer" weather is largely dependent on the strength and location of the jet stream c) CA weather and climate depends partly on the strength and temperature of the California current d) CA weather and climate is altered by changes to ocean currents in the Pacific Ocean Which of the following is NOT true about the California Current? a) it is about 1600 feet in depth b) It is a cold current c) the flow of the current along the coast helps to form upwelling currents d) it flows from south to north d) it flows from south to north A "flash drought" is a phenomena where the weather can become so hot, so fast that it quickly sucks large quantities of moisture out of the soil and can lead to major crop losses a) True b) False a) True What is true about about ecosystem changes off Southern California during an El Nino? (select two) a) there can be an increase in productivity due to warmer water b) there can be an decrease in Exotic species from lower latitudes c) the California Current has less of an influence d) bottom-up trophic cascade can partially occur c) the California Current has less of an influence d) bottom-up trophic cascade can partially occur Predictions for this year are for La Nina to start dying out this spring and by summer 2022 an El Nino is expected to develop a) True b) False b) False The Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maxima is a climate excusion 50 million years ago during which temperatures spiked 5º as a carbon dioxide built upt in the atmosphere. What is true about that event compared to teh rate at which temperature is currently 2022 increasing a) PETM warning was 200-400 times faster than the modern rate b) PETM warning was 2-4 times slower than the modern rate c) PETM warning was 20-40 times faster than the modern rate d) PETM warning was 20-40 times slower than the modern rate e) PETM warning was 200-400 times slower than the modern rate f) PETM warning was 2-4 times faster than the modern rate d) PETM warning was 20-40 times slower than the modern rate In "A world With No Ice" authors compare past geological times on Earth to a potential future state of Earth. If we were to travel back in time what is the geological epoch of warm ocean water immediately before the ice ages began? a) Eocene b) Pleistocene c) Pliocene d) Cretaceous c) Pliocene What are some reasons why Jet stream movements become more wave-like (large amplitude meanders) (select two) a) Tropical warming relative to the arctic can make the jet stream meander more b) warming of the arctic relative to the tropics can make the jet stream meander more c) tropical cooling relative to the arctic can make the jet stream meander more d) Arctic cooling relative to the tropics make the jet stream meander more b) warming of the arctic relative to the tropics can make the jet stream meander more c) tropical cooling relative to the arctic can make the jet stream meander more What change occurs in California coastal waters when the normal "prevailing northwest winds DON'T blow during the spring season? a) top-down ecosystem control b) increased upwelling c) decreased productivity d) decreased surface water temperatures c) decreased productivity A change from an El Nino condition to La Nina ocean temperatures would ...(select 3) a) increase the chances for a dry California winter b) bring more foreign (exotic) marine species to California waters c) enhance the conditions for upwelling within the California current d) increase the chances for flooding in Southern California e) increase marine productivity off the California coast a) increase the chances for a dry California winter c) enhance the conditions for upwelling within the California current e) increase marine productivity off the California coast