Ati pharm proctored exam Question and
Answers.
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: - ans providing
antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
- ans Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: - ans can cause
"red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: - ans narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: - ans thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: - ans higher dose
needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: - ans Type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? - ans
Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: -
ans are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? - ans One hour before
the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess? - ans A client who is allergic to penicillin
can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? - ans Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? - ans Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: - ans decrease
tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
,Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults? - ans "There is an increased risk for adverse
effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action? - ans Rinse the mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give? - ans "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: - ans facilitate
mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs? - ans Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? -
ans Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client? - ans Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication? - ans Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect? - ans
Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)? - ans Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness? - ans Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action? - ans Give the drug and
document the heart rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change? -
ans Slowed impulse conduction
, One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to: - ans
dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer? - ans
Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse? - ans
"Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of: -
ans diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to: - ans
take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function? - ans
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication? - ans Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response? - ans "Using a salt substitute
with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question? - ans Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve
pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn
(NPH) insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should
have: - ans a mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone? - ans It decreases the
amount of levodopa needed.
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)? - ans Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha-
blocker, such as doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension? - ans Teach the client how to
manage orthostatic hypotension.
Answers.
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: - ans providing
antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
- ans Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: - ans can cause
"red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: - ans narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: - ans thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: - ans higher dose
needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: - ans Type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? - ans
Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: -
ans are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? - ans One hour before
the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess? - ans A client who is allergic to penicillin
can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? - ans Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? - ans Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: - ans decrease
tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
,Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults? - ans "There is an increased risk for adverse
effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action? - ans Rinse the mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give? - ans "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: - ans facilitate
mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs? - ans Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? -
ans Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client? - ans Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication? - ans Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect? - ans
Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)? - ans Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness? - ans Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action? - ans Give the drug and
document the heart rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change? -
ans Slowed impulse conduction
, One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to: - ans
dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer? - ans
Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse? - ans
"Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of: -
ans diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to: - ans
take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function? - ans
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication? - ans Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response? - ans "Using a salt substitute
with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question? - ans Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve
pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn
(NPH) insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should
have: - ans a mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone? - ans It decreases the
amount of levodopa needed.
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)? - ans Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha-
blocker, such as doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension? - ans Teach the client how to
manage orthostatic hypotension.
