BIOD 121 Portage

BIOD 121 Portage food Ans- provides calories for energy nutrients Ans- (1) promote growth and development; (2) maintain tissue, cells, and bone; (3) fuel the body for physical and metabolic work; (4) regulate body processes over 45 essential nutrients hunger Ans- internal drive/sensation - growling, pain appetite Ans- external drive to eat - pleasant feeling, eat when not hungry role of hypothalamus in hunger Ans- detects drop in nutrients in circulation - hunger center rise - satiety center monitors hormonal signals and nervous system from entire body GI tract Ans- mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus hormones that increase hunger Ans- Ghrelin, Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Endorphins hormones that decrease hunger Ans- Leptin, serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK) four external forces for eating habits Ans- sensory cognitive environment health status sensory forces Ans- flavor, texture, and appearance cognitive forces Ans- habits, comfort, advertising, social, nutrition environmental forces Ans- economics, lifestyle, culture, location, climate carbohydrate Ans- macronutrient organic supply energy sources: grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and legumes protein Ans- macronutrient organic energy, regulate processes, provide structure sources: meats, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, and grains lipids Ans- macronutrient organic energy, regulate processes, provide structure sources: fats, oils, meats, and dairy products vitamin Ans- micronutrient organic regulate processes fat soluble: A, D, E, K water soluble: B vitamins and vitamin C mineral Ans- micronutrient inorganic regulate processes, provide structure macro-minerals: 16 minerals needed in relatively large quantities micro-minerals: only needed in small amounts and often referred to as the trace minerals water Ans- macronutrient inorganic regulate processes, provide structure body uses nutritional energy to (4 things) Ans- Build new compounds. Perform muscular movements (mechanical energy