Chapter 6: Community Assessment

Chapter 6: Community Assessment Which of the following best describes how care can be appropriately given in a community? a. Provide individualized care to unique individuals as much as resources allow. b. Consider the community itself as the "client." c. Administer care according to the priorities of the local health department. d. Prioritize care for the sickest populations first. Ans- ANS: B As it is clearly impossible and impractical to give service to each person in a community, the best approach considers the community itself to be the unit of service. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 92 Which of the following provides the most accurate way to explain community health nursing? a. Being employed outside a medical center, such as in a physician's office b. Focusing care on the community as a whole c. Providing care within the community, rather than a hospital or extended-care facility d. Working for a public health department Ans- ANS: B Not only is community a context or place where a community health nurse gives care, but the community as a whole is the focus of the nurse's efforts. Being employed outside a medical center, providing care within the community, and working for a public health department all describe settings where a community health nurse may be employed, but do not demonstrate the emphasis on providing population-focused care. Which of the following activities would be most helpful to a person in whom a serious chronic illness has been diagnosed? a. Discuss it with a religious leader on a confidential, do-not-tell basis b. Join a support group of others with the same illness c. Share the diagnosis with coworkers and neighbors to gain sympathy and support d. Tell extended family because many diseases have a genetic component Ans- ANS: B Although a person might choose to do any of these, the most helpful action over the long term is to join a support group with persons having the same diagnosis for mutual learning, sharing of resources, and support. Religious leaders could also be helpful, but many people do not have a religious leader. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 93 Which of the following is a major factor in determining which people or groups are most likely to be helpful to a particular individual? a. Anyone who has time to be available b. Environmental proximity c. Same employment responsibilities d. Similar religious faith Ans- ANS: B Although it is certainly more common to have friends who are similar to ourselves in many ways, those most likely to be called on and respond are those in close environmental proximity. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 93 Which of the following best describes how people typically respond when asked of what community are they a member? a. Geographic community (neighborhood or city) b. House of worship participants or members c. Occupational or professional group d. Those who are devoted to a particular craft or hobby Ans- ANS: A Although individuals might well respond in terms of any of the possible responses, the most common response is in terms of geographic location of one's home or place of residence. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 93 Which of the following best describes what community members receive from each other? a. Safe environment to live and work b. Entertainment and recreational opportunities c. Socialization and role fulfillment d. Useful services such as physicians and medical centers Ans- ANS: C Almost all communities have socialization and role fulfillment opportunities. Not all communities are safe environments, have medical centers, or offer recreational opportunities. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 94 An individual lives in a healthy community. Which of the following characteristics would this community most likely display? a. Ability to adapt and respond to changes b. Lack of environmental pollution c. Low unemployment rate d. Ongoing growth in population Ans- ANS: A The community's ability to respond effectively to changing dynamics and meet the needs of its members indicates productive functioning. A community may or may not be able to control environmental pollution because the pollution is often from outside the community itself. Similarly, employment, or lack thereof, may be due to factors outside the community's control. In many communities, growth is not expected; simply not losing more population is a great achievement. A nurse is helping a community develop its capacity to address future problems. Which of the following activities is the nurse most likely implementing? a. Addressing problems in priority order b. Promoting collaboration and team building c. Developing community competence d. Providing education about health issues Ans- ANS: C Although such activities are educational, collaborative, and ideally do address problems in some order by priority, building a community's capacity to address future problems is called developing community competence. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 95 Which of the following best describes shoe leather epidemiology? a. Implementing the wheel model of epidemiology b. Engaging in extensive truth seeking like a detective in the community c. Traveling throughout the community to absorb an overall impression of it d. Facilitating sharing of the community's history by community leaders Ans- ANS: C Shoe leather epidemiology refers to establishing hypotheses about the community's health, strengths, and possible problems through the down-to-earth approach of traveling through the area, and observing and interacting with community members. Implementing the wheel model, engaging in truth seeking, and facilitating sharing of the community's history do not demonstrate the process of traveling through the community to absorb its overall impression. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 95 A community health nurse wants to obtain an overview of the community, but has limited time and resources. Which of the following methods would the nurse most lik