Geriatric Hesi Study Guide 2023 with verified questions and answers

The theory that identifies an unstable molecule as the causative factor in aging is the _____ theory. free radical What fact explains the shift of health care focus toward the older adult in the late 1960s? Preventive health care practices increased longevity. The Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) caring for an older adult asks if the yellow, waxy, crusty lesions on the patient s axilla and groin are contagious. Which response shows the nurse s understanding for the cause of the lesions? No. It is seborrheic dermatitis caused by excessive sebum. What does the presence of a caregiver provide for the older adult living at home? Source of motivation What can suppress the defecation reflex? Repeatedly ignoring the urge When do the conditions of a living will go into effect? When two physicians agree in writing that the criteria in the living will have been met What housing option for the older adult offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals and some medical and personal care services? Assisted-living center The nurse must tell a 94-year-old resident of a nursing home that his wife has fallen and has been hospitalized with a broken hip. What is the most effective method for the nurse to deliver the news? Gather all pertinent information that is accurate. Which assessment finding is the cardinal signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure? Dyspnea and edema The patient asks the nurse to describe the neuroendocrine theory of aging. What would be an appropriate response by the nurse? The stimulation and/or inhibition of the hypothalamus causes age-related changes. The home health nurse suggests to the 82-year-old man that he should wear a Medic Alert bracelet. Which of the following health conditions prompted the nurse to make this suggestion? Pacemaker Which patient would require special precautions when the nurse is performing a digital rectal exam? Patient with congestive heart failure The home health nurse is discussing oral hygiene with the older adult. Which practice would be appropriate to add to the current maintenance plan? Using a fluoride toothpaste What is a cause of pernicious anemia? A deficiency of vitamin B12 A 70-year-old male patient taking corticosteroids for rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse if he should take the vaccination to prevent shingles. What would be the nurse's most helpful response? "No. Persons with impaired immune systems should not take that vaccine." What is the correct term for the area between 18 inches and 4 feet of a person? Personal space What can the nurse do to improve communication with an older adult patient who has a hearing impairment? Speak in a low tone, bending close to the patient. Which senior citizen political action group uses volunteers and lobbyists to advance the interests of older adults? American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) What is a symptom of inadequate insulin coverage in a patient with diabetes mellitus type I? Ketones in the urine What position would be most appropriate to reduce pressure injuries in an immobile patient? In a lateral position, with body rotated 30 degrees with gluteus bearing the weight Which complaint by the 80-year-old resident would indicate a need for the nurse to complete a focused bowel assessment on the resident? Feeling pressure and fullness in the rectum but is unable to defecate An older adult states that her physician ordered her to drink a glass of wine daily. The nurse understands that alcohol is occasionally recommended for which of the following reasons? Appetite stimulant Which type of elder abuse is demonstrated by the nonprovision of medical care? Neglect What percent of communication is transmitted by verbal methods? 7 How often should a 75-year-old have a visual screening? Every 12 months Why would a nurse lead a group of postmenopausal women on a daily 15-minute walking tour through the long-term care facility? To improve bone strength The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which condition? Senile purpura The patient says, "When I came to the hospital yesterday, everything got confused." What would be the best response by the nurse? "What happened?" What would be the most effective action by the home health coordinator when interacting with an unpaid caregiver? Be generous with positive feedback. A 70-year-old woman asks, How in the world can my bones be brittle when I eat all the right foods? Which response by the nurse would be the most informative? Calcium is continuously withdrawn from bone for nerve and muscle function. The 93-year-old woman with chronic back pain is found crying. When the nurse approaches, the patient says, "I know you can't do anything more, but I hurt so bad." What nursing intervention would be most effective? Touch the patient's shoulder and sit quietly without speaking. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for further instruction regarding prevention of constipation? "I'm never constipated. I take a gentle laxative every night." A 75-year-old male is worried that his wartlike dark macules with distinct borders are melanomas. What would be the most likely cause for the macules? Seborrheic keratoses The nurse assesses an area of skin on the patient's upper thigh that is different in appearance than the surrounding skin. What documentation would be the most informative? Erythematous scaly patch 2 ´ 2 cm on lateral aspect of right thigh. Patient denies pain What would be the most effective action of the nurse when assisting an 85-year-old adult with weak abdominal muscles to defecate? Place a footstool under the feet of the patient when seated on the toilet. The caregiver who provides daily meals and attends to the daily needs of the older adult is classified as the _____ caregiver. primary When the 70-year-old female patient says, "Keeping up with when to take the flu vaccine is a big hassle. I'm not going to add trying to keep up with a pneumonia vaccine as well. It's too expensive." Which response by the nurse would be the most helpful? "The pneumonia vaccine needs to be repeated every 10 years." What is the goal of empathetic listening? It allows the nurse to understand what the patient has said. When the patient complains of dry mouth, what should the nurse assess for? Difficulty in chewing and swallowing Why is it important for the nurse to be cautious when using medical jargon with an older adult patient? It could become a communication barrier. A patient uses good health maintenance practices. What aging theory most accurately relates to the patient's practices? Wear-and-tear The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult? A reduction of perspiration The 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a severe case of pneumonia is concerned about his mounting hospital bill and asks if his Medicare coverage will pay for his care. What would be the most helpful response by the nurse? Medicare Part A pays for inpatient hospital costs. The patient who has been on long-term antibiotic therapy inquires what may have caused thrush. What is the most informative response of the nurse? Long-term antibiotic therapy has destroyed the normal flora of his mouth A person with Parkinsons disease has a nursing diagnosis of nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing. What change would the nurse make in the nursing care plan? Offer a thick, high-nutrition shake as a snack. Which caregiver could be found guilty of elder abuse? A son who uses his mother's checking account funds to purchase alcohol for himself What type of abuse is demonstrated by restraining an older adult in a recliner? Physical abuse The daughter of a resident in a long-term care facility is frustrated with her 80-year-old mother's refusal to eat. Which response would be the most appropriate? The refusal to eat is an effort to maintain a portion of independence and self-direction. What is the most frequent response to elder abuse by the abused older adult? Nothing at all The 60-year-old Asian man tells the home health nurse that he has stopped taking his antihypertensive medication because it causes him to be impotent. He reports that he is using acupuncture to control his hypertension. What would be the most effective response by the nurse? "Let me check your blood pressure to see how acupuncture is working."