Instrument Stage 1 Exam 2023 with complete
solution;Actual test
What percentage of all aviation accidents can be attributed to human actors-related
causes?
Choice 3: 75% of aviation accidents can be attributed to human factors-related causes.
Some sources of pilot error in the instrument and commercial environments include;
misinterpretation of a chart, failure to understand a clearance, inability to use equipment
properly, and lack of coordination among crew members.
While enroute you read back a clearance to ATC and no response is recieved, you
should assume
CHOICE 2 — Readback of ATC clearances is crucial in the IFR environment. You
should not assume controller silence after a read back is verification of your
transmission. If you are unsure if ATC understood your communication, ask for a verbal
confirmation.
A rapid acceleration during instrument flight can create the illusion of
CHOICE 3 — Your vestibular system is sending an incorrect message to your brain
during a rapid acceleration, making you believe you are in a nose up attitude. The best
way to overcome this is to rely on your instruments, since they are your only accurate
source of information.
During deceleration from cruise flight, precision error causes the attitude indicator to
show a slight
CHOICE 3 — Acceleration or deceleration can induce precession errors within the
attitude indicator. Deceleration causes the attitude indicator to give a temporary, false
indication of a descent.
How often should you check the heading indicator and align it with the magnetic
compass?
CHOICE 1 — Due to internal friction within the gyroscope, precession is common to
heading indicators. Precession causes the selected heading to drift from the set value.
You should align the heading indicator with the magnetic compass before flight and
check it at 15-minute intervals during flight.
During an established coordinated turn at a constant airspeed and altitude, use the
ailerons to control the rate of turn and the rudder to control the
CHOICE 3 — During a turn, the rudder controls the quality of the turn as indicated by
the position of the ball in the inclinometer. If the ball is right of center, add right rudder
pressure; if the ball is left of center, add left rudder pressure.
The three pressure instruments connected to the pitot-static system are the
CHOICE 2 — The airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator are the
three pressure-sensitive pitot-static instruments. Each of these instruments is connected
to a static source, however, only the airspeed indicator is connected to the pitot
source,which is the source of impact or ram air pressure
The main instrument for initially establishing a climb or descent attitude is the
CHOICE 2 — Initially, you should establish the attitude for a climb or descent by
reference to the attitude indicator.
, During level flight you should correct altitude deviations of less than 100 feet by
changing
CHOICE 1 — Normally, you correct minor deviations from altitude with only pitch
changes. However, if your altitude changes more than 100 feet, you should make
adjustments in both pitch and power
To level off from a climb or descent, lead the desired altitude by 10% of the
CHOICE 3 — A useful guide for leveling off from a climb or descent is to lead the
desired altitude by approximately 10% of the vertical speed.
Refer to the accompanying instrument panel illustration and interpret the flight attitude
of the aircraft. Note that one instrument has malfunctioned
CHOICE 2 — The attitude indicator has failed
and is giving false indications of a left turn
with nose-low pitch attitude.
What is the correct procedure or recover from an exessively nose-high critical attitude
CHOICE 3 — To avoid a stall, add power,
decrease pitch to reduce the angle of attack,
and roll the wings level.
When you are cleared for an approach while being radar vectored, you must maintain
your last assigned altitude until
CHOICE 3 — When you are cleared for an
approach while being radar vectored, you must
maintain your last assigned altitude until
established on a segment of the published
route or instrument approach procedure.
Using the accompanying illustration, approximately how far from the station is the
aircraft if it takes 2 minutes, 45 seconds to cross 10 degrees of radial span at a
groundspeed of 104 knots?
CHOICE 3 — To solve this problem, divide the
time (in seconds) by the degrees of bearing
change between the radials used for timing
(165 ÷ 10 = 16.5 minutes). Next, use your flight
computer to determine the distance of approximately
29 n.m. to the station.
The relative bearing to the station is (refer to heading and ADF indicators)
CHOICE 2 — When you are using a fixed compass-
card instrument, the ADF pointer
indicates relative bearing. In this case, the
relative bearing is 190°.
The magnetic bearing to the station is (refer to the heading and ADF indicators)
CHOICE 3 — The correct formula is:
RB + MH = MB.
The magnetic bearing to the station is 190° +
80°, or 270°.
What is the relative bearing to the station if your aircraft is on a magnetic heading of 045
degrees and the magnetic bearing from the station is 360 degrees?
solution;Actual test
What percentage of all aviation accidents can be attributed to human actors-related
causes?
Choice 3: 75% of aviation accidents can be attributed to human factors-related causes.
Some sources of pilot error in the instrument and commercial environments include;
misinterpretation of a chart, failure to understand a clearance, inability to use equipment
properly, and lack of coordination among crew members.
While enroute you read back a clearance to ATC and no response is recieved, you
should assume
CHOICE 2 — Readback of ATC clearances is crucial in the IFR environment. You
should not assume controller silence after a read back is verification of your
transmission. If you are unsure if ATC understood your communication, ask for a verbal
confirmation.
A rapid acceleration during instrument flight can create the illusion of
CHOICE 3 — Your vestibular system is sending an incorrect message to your brain
during a rapid acceleration, making you believe you are in a nose up attitude. The best
way to overcome this is to rely on your instruments, since they are your only accurate
source of information.
During deceleration from cruise flight, precision error causes the attitude indicator to
show a slight
CHOICE 3 — Acceleration or deceleration can induce precession errors within the
attitude indicator. Deceleration causes the attitude indicator to give a temporary, false
indication of a descent.
How often should you check the heading indicator and align it with the magnetic
compass?
CHOICE 1 — Due to internal friction within the gyroscope, precession is common to
heading indicators. Precession causes the selected heading to drift from the set value.
You should align the heading indicator with the magnetic compass before flight and
check it at 15-minute intervals during flight.
During an established coordinated turn at a constant airspeed and altitude, use the
ailerons to control the rate of turn and the rudder to control the
CHOICE 3 — During a turn, the rudder controls the quality of the turn as indicated by
the position of the ball in the inclinometer. If the ball is right of center, add right rudder
pressure; if the ball is left of center, add left rudder pressure.
The three pressure instruments connected to the pitot-static system are the
CHOICE 2 — The airspeed indicator, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator are the
three pressure-sensitive pitot-static instruments. Each of these instruments is connected
to a static source, however, only the airspeed indicator is connected to the pitot
source,which is the source of impact or ram air pressure
The main instrument for initially establishing a climb or descent attitude is the
CHOICE 2 — Initially, you should establish the attitude for a climb or descent by
reference to the attitude indicator.
, During level flight you should correct altitude deviations of less than 100 feet by
changing
CHOICE 1 — Normally, you correct minor deviations from altitude with only pitch
changes. However, if your altitude changes more than 100 feet, you should make
adjustments in both pitch and power
To level off from a climb or descent, lead the desired altitude by 10% of the
CHOICE 3 — A useful guide for leveling off from a climb or descent is to lead the
desired altitude by approximately 10% of the vertical speed.
Refer to the accompanying instrument panel illustration and interpret the flight attitude
of the aircraft. Note that one instrument has malfunctioned
CHOICE 2 — The attitude indicator has failed
and is giving false indications of a left turn
with nose-low pitch attitude.
What is the correct procedure or recover from an exessively nose-high critical attitude
CHOICE 3 — To avoid a stall, add power,
decrease pitch to reduce the angle of attack,
and roll the wings level.
When you are cleared for an approach while being radar vectored, you must maintain
your last assigned altitude until
CHOICE 3 — When you are cleared for an
approach while being radar vectored, you must
maintain your last assigned altitude until
established on a segment of the published
route or instrument approach procedure.
Using the accompanying illustration, approximately how far from the station is the
aircraft if it takes 2 minutes, 45 seconds to cross 10 degrees of radial span at a
groundspeed of 104 knots?
CHOICE 3 — To solve this problem, divide the
time (in seconds) by the degrees of bearing
change between the radials used for timing
(165 ÷ 10 = 16.5 minutes). Next, use your flight
computer to determine the distance of approximately
29 n.m. to the station.
The relative bearing to the station is (refer to heading and ADF indicators)
CHOICE 2 — When you are using a fixed compass-
card instrument, the ADF pointer
indicates relative bearing. In this case, the
relative bearing is 190°.
The magnetic bearing to the station is (refer to the heading and ADF indicators)
CHOICE 3 — The correct formula is:
RB + MH = MB.
The magnetic bearing to the station is 190° +
80°, or 270°.
What is the relative bearing to the station if your aircraft is on a magnetic heading of 045
degrees and the magnetic bearing from the station is 360 degrees?
