English 151 Exam TWO 2023 100% correct questions and answers

Who are the TWO people who influenced the author of A Handmaid's Tale? Perry Miller and Mary Webster How did Perry Miller influence a Handmaid's Tale? He was the author's professor about Puritans How did Mary Webster influence a Handmaid's Tale? She was the author's ancestor who was accused as being a witch and was hanged but survived What are the FOUR influences of a Handmaid's Tale? 1984, Woman's rights in Iran, Reversal of feminist gains in USA and the rise of moral majority, AND the Second wave of feminism and the "Sex Wars" What were the "Sex Wars?" Differences in beliefs between the old time Feminists and the new Feminists What was happening in Iran that influenced a Hand Maiden's Tale? In 1979 Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Iran and established an Islamic theocracy (same period as Argo) which forced women out of Iranian universities, jobs, and into Hijab and domestic spaces What did the author of a Hand Maiden's Tale work for that influenced her book? What TWO things happened during this job? Amnesty International, she had a report on an Iranian woman tortured with electric prods and beaten with frayed steel cables, AND she would write letters on behalf of prisoners (mostly women) What does it mean when the gains made in the USA for feminism was being lost? Gains from previous decades were being reversed Name FIVE things that had to do with USA gain's being defeated that influenced the author of a Hand Maiden's Tale Women made up the lowest paid jobs, number of elected women declined, Regan government destroyed bills to fund shelters for battered women like the the office of Domestic Violence in 1981, murders related to sexual assault and domestic violence increased by 160%, AND the Equal Rights Amendment was finally defeated after being campaigned since the 1920's What is the "Rise of the Moral Majority"? And who came up with that term? Christian rights gaining power throughout America, Jerry Falwell who was an evangelic What was the significance of the "Rise of the Moral Majority" in the USA? Generally opposed woman's decision to pursue a career rather than a family and life at home What major figure who was apart of the "Rise of Moral Majority" had a big influence in women's rights? What did she do? What did she argue? Phyllis Schlafly (woman), successfully campaigned against the Equal Rights Amendment for women, argued that the model wife should be submissive and more abnegating than any wife this side of the orient Who could Phyllis Schlafly be a model for in A Hand Maiden's Tale? Why? Serena Joy, because she was a public speaker against women's rights What were the TWO major disagreements during the Sex Wars? Who in A Hand Maiden's Tale represents the women who opposed both of these? Whether not pornography oppressed women, and whether prostitution should be illegal, Offred's mother What is Biopower? Who coined this idea? Technique of controlling large groups of people, including nations, though the regulation of people's bodies, through birth, health, sexuality, and death, Michael Foucault What is the justification behind "Biopower?" What are the TWO things that make it easy to develop in politics? Power must always be justified politically, by appealing to people's health because people want this, and by getting people to watch other people for safety reasons Why is Biopower useful? It emphasizes the protections of life rather than the threat of death, they're doing this for the good of the race and nation and species What does Biopower overlap with in terms of modes of control? Discipline What are THREE expressions of Biopower? Give a common example eugenics, state racism, and anti-obesity campaigns, Jews are being killed because they are unclean and spreading disease Break down Biopower and explain it. Don't define it, memorize the quote Where discipline, through surveillance and punishment, is the technology deployed to make individuals behave, to be efficient and productive workers, biopolitics is deployed to manage a population, to ensure a healthy workplace Give an example of this quote "Where discipline, through surveillance and punishment, is the technology deployed to make individuals behave, to be efficient and productive workers, biopolitics is deployed to manage a population, to ensure a healthy workplace" in a Hand Maiden's Tale Handmaiden's outfit controls the vision by the wings of habit, and they are looked at not to be individuals 1984 used techniques of Discipline and A Hand Maiden's Tale used Biopower for control. Give an example of this. What did Offred's society care about more so than Winston's? Big Brother wanted to changed how Winston thought BUT they didn't care how Offred thought, they cared more for her body rather than her mind While 1984 uses techniques of Discipline more than Biopower, and A Hand Maiden's Tale uses more Biopower, give FOUR examples of A Hand Maiden's Tale using techniques of Discipline rather than Biopower The eyes, displaying the dead bodies, going to market in pairs, told who she can and cannot have sex with How is language used in A Hand Maiden's Tale? being a person is different than being a body, this difference is made at the level of the word. Like when they change the word "cat" to "it" so they can kill it How does one resit Biopower? Give one example from A Hand Maiden's Tale how that you have a mind as well as a body, When she plays Scarbble she is no longer just a "usable body" and therefore no longer empty How does Offred fail as the rebel? (TWO) She resigns her body freely at the end, and she keeps her body passive when she gives it up to Nick How does Offred (possibly) succeed in being a rebel? By telling her story What kind of society is The Hunger Games set in? Disciplinary Dystopia What are the THREE parts of the Hunger Games society that makes it a Disciplinary Dystopia? Surveillance everywhere, Punishment is a constant threat, the Biopower element comes from the Capitol having control over their bodies even though they don't care for the health Give an example in the Hunger Games of Biopower They can't kill themselves, which takes away the only escape you might have What are the TWO "gazes" in Hunger Games? Explain both Prospect Gaze and Male Gaze, Prospect Gaze is the control over the territory, and the Male Gaze is way movies gaze at the film in a male's perspective Who coined the term of "Male Gaze" and from what? Laura Mulvey's 1975 feminist critique of the way the movie camera puts the audience into the perspective of a heterosexual man What influenced the Hunger Games in 1787? What was this new idea called? Englishman Jeremy Bentham comes up with the idea for a new type of prison that reforms people through surveillance rather than punishment, the Panopticon which is a circular prison How does a Panopticon work? Keep each prisoner separately in a backlit cell, facing a single guard tower. The person in the tower could see all the prisoners and the Prisoner could not see who's in the tower How is the idea of a Panopticon used in the Hunger Games? Catniss doesn't know if she is being watched but must always think and act as if she is What was the justification behind a Panopticon Prison? Prisoner's would regulate their behavior and it had a new mode of obtaining power over the mind What does a Disciplinary Dystopia do to the individual self? Panopticonism forces people to construct appropriate "selfs" if they are always being watched and this creates a struggle between their normal self and their appropriate self What are the TWO major forms of resistance Catniss uses in the Hunger Games? Memory with her flashbacks of her father and Peeta which allows empathy to create mutual trust, AND Human Connection and Identity by "finding herself" to "remember herself" What is the opening to the Hunger Games? What significance is it? What effect does this have? (THREE) When I wake up, its first person and present tense, it creates identity with the main character, limits perspective, creates suspense because the character can die since its not in the past How does the hook (the first sentence) of the Hunger Games try to draw us into the plot? (THREE) Reaping is mysterious, phonetics, and reaching out and nobody is there What does the hook of the Hunger Games suggest about Catniss? (FOUR) Alludes that she is poor, she is lonely because you assume she shares the bed with someone but instead she doesn't, announces her lack of romance and a preoccupation with her family, and she searches for human connection but comes up empty What does the hook "This is the day of the reaping" draw us into the plot of the Hunger Games? Reaping equals harvest or killing plants for consumption and it prepares us for the fact that these characters are in danger because they are named after plants (Katniss, Primrose) How are names used to portray plot in the Hunger Games? (FIVE names) "Katniss" is a plant, "Snow" refers to winter which kills plants, "Peeta" is biblical for "rock unto which I will build my church", "Trinket" is not valuable, "Rue" is also a plant and stands for death and morning because it is put on a grave How are cats used as a motif in the Hunger Games? a Cat is an independent hunter and Katniss feels close to her cat after she hunts and she is very unromantic in this story How are birds used as a motif in the Hunger Games? Birds symbolize freedom but also prey How are dogs used as a motif in the Hunger Games? Dogs are hunters but also loyal to the capitol and pose obvious threats to cats What are the THREE ways to show resistance in the Hunger Games society? Silence, songs, and symbols How is Rue's death used in the the resistance of the Hunger Games' society? Resistance through song Give an example of Resistance through a Symbol in the Hunger Games' society Katniss' dress What do the schools, armies, and prisons do to keep control in the Hunger Games? Establishes a "norm" and punishes deviation from that norm. And surveillance by self and others help control the deviations What are Eugenics? Bio-social philosophy advocating improvement of the genetic composition of the human population What caused Eugenics to become discredited? When and why was Eugenics becoming more relevant? The Nazi's, 1970's after Cohen and Boyer combined bacterial DNA of 2 different species which showed that gene manipulation was real What year was Gattaca released in theaters? Why else was this a big year? (TWO things) 1997, Dolly the cloned sheep, wave of anti-human cloning legislation What are the expectations going into the film, Gattaca? Expecting a space-noir based on the title and tone of the film What does Gattaca suggest about the future? Widespread human genetic engineering would reinstall historical discrimination Based on the movie, Gattaca, what examples does the movie suggest about how a widespread human genetic engineering could reinstall historical discrimination? (THREE examples) Vincent's parents ask for "lighter" skin for their next son which invokes race history, the blood tests comes from the "One Drop" laws in the USA which determined if you were black or white, and Vincent is "passing" meaning he has to be cut off from his family and friends to succeed What are FOUR examples of how Gattaca suggests that genetic modification could invoke new social classes? To make a child genetically elite you must afford it, Vincent emphasizes his lower birth when stating he was born in the "Detroit Riviera," Eugene Morrow means "gene of tomorrow," people's bodies mean more than their dreams Give ONE example of how there is Social Suppression of the individual in the movie Gattaca In the opening sequence the finger nails crash to the floor suggesting a greater weight than normal Give ONE deviation from the movie Gattaca that suggests it may not be a Dystopia Society Democratically created and not by a ruling party even if some people are unhappy with it Why may Vincent not be a rebel in a Dystopian Society? (in the movie Gattaca) He may overcome the society, but he makes no effort to change it What are the color motifs in the movie Gattaca? (TWO things) Gold filter vs. Blue filter which is utopian world of nature vs. sterile world of science, and Irene wears black until she switches to white when she flees with Vincent Give FOUR examples of visual motifs in the movie Gattaca Colors, Circles that suggest reproduction cycles, Glass Ceilings and barriers between Vincent and his goals (invisible barriers), DNA helix as a stair case