Heme Immunotherapy and antineoplastics Exam 2023 with complete solution

What are two situations in which it would be advantageous to temporarily suppress inflammatory responses? - AnswerTransplantation, treatment of autoimmune disease What are two situations in which it would be advantageous to enhance immune responses? - AnswerPrevention/treatment of infectious diseases and cancer what type of immunization is Vaccination considered (active vs passive)? What type of response is elicited preferably? - AnswerActive immunization Humoral response (antibody production from B/plasma cells)- this is preferably to cell-mediated immunity what two bacteria are targeted in Caries Vaccines? How do they prevent the bacterial disease process? Is there a commercially available vaccine for caries? - AnswerStreptococcus mutans and Streptococcus subrinus prevent adherence of bacteria via generation of secretory IgA antibodies and targeting isolated antigens needed by bacteria in plaque formation there is no commercially active vaccine available what are two given categories of immunostimulants? How do they work? - Answer1. Thymic extracts such as Thymosin and Thymostimulin -induce T-cell maturation -especially effective in patients with absence of thymus (DiGeorge Syndrome) 2. Levamisole (ergamisol) -antihelminthic agent -thymomimetic effects; affects multiple cell populations as well (PMNs, MQs, etc.) -show to be effective for recurrent aphthous ulcers and herpes labialis What type of immunity is generated in antibody therapy (active vs passive) vs a vaccine? How is this immunity different? - AnswerAntibody therapy is PASSIVE immunization, vs vaccines which are ACTIVE passive immunization provides antibodies but does not induce autonomous generation of them; therefore antibody therapies are subjected to half-lives what are two main uses for polyclonal antibodies (what can they treat)? - Answer1. PASSIVE IMMUNITY for diseases in which there is a deficiency in humoral immunity (such as multiple myeloma)- provides rapid (but short lasting) immunity 2. ANTITOXIN/ANTIVENIN to bind to and neutralize toxic compounds such as rattlesnake venom, diptheria toxin, etc.