WGU Network and Security-Foundations-C172

WGU Network and SecurityFoundations-C172 Application Layer(7th layer) Ans- Interacts with application programs that incorporate a communication component such as your internet browser and email (provides user interface) Bus Topology Ans- The computers share the media (coaxial cable) for data transmission CAT6 (category 6) Ans- Twisted-pair cables capable of carrying up to 1000Mbps (1 gigabit) of data up to a length of 100 meters Crossover Ans- Transmit and receive signal pairs are crossed to properly align the transmit signal on one device with the receive signal on the other device CSMA/CD Ans- Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection is the Ethernet LAN media-access method (used to prevent collisions in wired Ethernet networks) Used in wireless networks for to reduce collisions. Data Link Layer (2nd layer) Ans- Layer of the OSI reference model that handles error control (synchronization), and sequencing controls which terminals are sending and receiving. Media access is controlled (MAC) by the Data Link Layer Deterministic Ans- Access to the network is provided at fixed time intervals Ethernet, Physical, Hardware, or Adapter Address Ans- Other names for MAC address Firewall Protection Ans- Used to prevent unauthorized access to your network Host Address/Number Ans- The portion of the IP address that defines the location of the networking device connected to the network also called the hose address Hotspots Ans- A limited geographic area that provides wireless access for the public Hub Ans- Broadcasts the data it receives to all devices connected to its ports... it is possible for network devices to pick up a data intended for a different device... considered a multiport repeater. Is on the Physical Layer (layer 1) IANA Ans- The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is the agency that assigns IP addresses to computer networks ICMP Ans- Internet Control Message Protocol (preform diagnostics, report errors, control the flow of data in the network) IEEE Ans- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, on of the major standard-setting bodies for technological development Intranet Ans- An internal network the provides file and resource sharing but it's not accessed from the internet IP Address Ans- Unique 32-bit address the identifies on which network the computer is located as well as differentiate the computer from all other devices on the same network; they are logical addresses and can be found using the ipconfig/all command IP Internetwork Ans- A network that uses IP addressing for identifying devices connected to the network ipconfig/all Ans- Enables the MAC address information to be displayed from the command prompt ISP Ans- Internet service provider Link Integrity Test Ans- Protocol used to verify that a communication link between two Ethernet devices has been established. Link Light Ans- Indicates that the transmit and receive pairs are properly aligned Link Pulses Ans- Sent by each of the connected devices via the twisted-pair cables when data is not being transmitted to indicate that the link is still up Local Area Network (LAN) Ans- Network of users that share computer resources in a limited area MAC Address Ans- A unique 6-byte address assigned by the vendor of the network interface card; A MAC address has two portions. The OUI is comprised of the first 6 digits and the last half is assigned by the manufacturer. Mbps Ans- Megabits per second Mesh Topology Ans- All networking devices are directly connected to each other (fault tolerant; stations can still communicate if some segments go down) Multiport Repeater Ans- Another name for a hub Network Address Translation (NAT) Ans- Translates the private IP address to a public address for routing over the internet Network Interface Card(NIC) Ans- The electronic hardware used to interface the computer to the network Network Layer (3rd layer) Ans- Defines how data packets are routed in a network. Accepts outgoing messages and combines messages or segments into packets, adding a header that includes routing information (provides a logical path for data) Network Number Ans- The portion of the IP address that defines which network the IP packet is originating from or being delivered to Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) Ans- The first 3 bytes of the MAC address the identifies the manufacturer of the network hardware (ex. Network interface card has MAC address of A, the OUI is 00-00-86) OSI Ans- Open system interconnect OSI Model Ans- The seven layers describing network funcations overloading Ans- Where NAT translates the home network's private IP addresses to a single public IP address Packet Ans- Provides grouping of the information for transmission Physical Layer (1st layer) Ans- Layer of the OSI reference model that provides the electrical and mechanical connection to the network Describes the media that interconnects networking devices Ping Ans- Command used to test that a device on the network is reachable (If you can't connect to a networked computer, you can use the ping command to check connectivity) Used in windows in the command window Port address Translation (PAT) Ans- A port number is tracked with the client computer's private address when translating to a public address Ports Ans- The physical input/output interfaces to the networking hardware Presentation Layer (6th layer) Ans- Layer of the OSI reference model that accepts and structures the messages for the application Private Addresses Ans- IP addresses set aside for use in private intranet 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 Protocol Ans- Set of rules established for users to exchange information Range Extender Ans- Device that relays the wireless signals from an access point or wireless router into areas with a weak signal or no signal at all RJ-45 Ans- The 8-pin modular connector used with CAT6/5e/5 cable Service Set Identifier (SSID) Ans- Name that is used to identify your wireless network and is used by your access point or wireless router to establish and association Session Layer (5th Layer) Ans- Layer of the OSI reference model that provides the control functions necessary to establish, manage, and terminate the connections (SQL and NFS technologies are on the session layer) SSID Ans- Service set identifier Star Topology Ans- The most common networking topology in today's LANs where all networking devices connect to a central switch or hub, each device connects to a central point via a point-to-point link. Each device is connected to its own port Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) Ans- Type of firewall that inspects 6to4 Prefix Ans- a technique that enables IPv6 hosts to communicate over the IPv4 Internet Access Control List (ACLs) Ans- A basic form of firewall protection ACK Ans- Acknowledgement packet AES Ans- Advanced Encryption Standard AH Ans- Authentication Header Anycast address Ans- Is obtained from a list of addresses. ARIN Ans- American Registry for Internet Numbers ARP Ans- Address Resolution Protocol, used to map and IP address to its MAC address (the destination gets the sender's addresses from the ARP request) ARPAnet Ans- Advanced Research Projects Agency network