,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_3e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What is the most general term for the type of research in which two or more variables are measured and
compared to determine the extent to which they are associated?
a. the experimental method
b. the correlational method
c. quasi-experimental design
d. random assignment
2. Researchers are interested in whether the amount of violent video games played as a child is related to
aggression in adulthood. To answer this question, they collected data on a group of 200 people each year
from the ages of 9–25. This study is BEST considered an example of a(n):
a. longitudinal design.
b. correlational design.
c. experimental design.
d. quasi-experiment.
3. _____ refers to the judgment that for a particular experiment, it is possible to conclude that the independent
variable caused the change in the dependent variable.
a. Internal validity
b. Operationalization
c. Construct validity
d. External validity
4. Which of the following is NOT an official ethical requirement for research with human subjects?
a. Participants must be given the chance for informed consent and be free to withdraw at any time.
b. Projects must be approved by an institutional review board.
c. The full purpose of a study must be explained to participants before they begin.
d. Participants should be assured that efforts will be taken to protect the confidentiality and anonymity of
their data.
5. Carol and Dean are moving to a new state and trying to decide between three cities to live in. As a child,
Carol knew someone from one of these cities whom she did not like, and thinks negatively about this city as
a result. When visiting this city, Carol only notices things such as potholes in the road, rundown buildings, and
litter in the street. Which psychological concept best explains Carol's behavior?
a. reverse causality
b. causal attributions
c. confirmation bias
d. stereotype threat
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_3e
6. An if-then statement that specifies what the relationships between variables should be like if a theory is
correct is called a:
a. correlation coefficient.
b. hypothesis.
c. research question.
d. causal attribution.
7. Which of the following techniques of measurement is NOT considered a tool of the neuroscience perspective
in social psychology?
a. brain imaging
b. assessing cardiovascular functioning
c. assessing people's behaviors
d. measuring brain waves
8. Lord and colleagues had psychology students read about two studies on the social impact of capital
punishment. One study seemed to confirm that the death penalty is effective as a crime deterrent, while the
other study suggested that it is not effective. Students on both sides of the debate came away holding their
initial positions even more strongly than before. This finding is evidence of:
a. social comparison.
b. confirmation bias.
c. causal attribution.
d. hypocrisy.
9. Which of the following events had a major influence on the history of social psychology?
a. the economic crisis of the 1970s
b. World War II
c. the Cold War
d. the development of institutional care for people with severe personality disorders
10. Simon is a very extraverted person. However, at school he rarely talks to his classmates. What is the best
explanation of Simon's behavior in this case?
a. his personality
b. the situation
c. his habits
d. the interaction of the situation and his personality
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_3e
11. Which of the following instances is an example of the way we use social comparisons to self-evaluate?
a. An instructor provides personal feedback on a test.
b. A person shooting rolled-up paper balls into a wastebasket is able to make three baskets.
c. A child thinks about how tall she is by looking around at the other children in her classroom.
d. A mother decides that her son is her favorite person in the world.
12. Which of the following sequences BEST demonstrates the cycle of theory and research in science?
a. Hypothesis → Theory→ Revised Theory → Research Outcome
b. Theory → Hypothesis → Revised Theory → Research Outcome
c. Hypothesis → Theory → Research Outcome → Revised Theory
d. Theory → Hypothesis → Research Outcome → Revised Theory
13. When we randomly assign participants to different conditions of a variable, we are creating a(n):
a. independent variable.
b. dependent variable.
c. independent and a dependent variable.
d. correlation coefficient.
14. A researcher counts the number of people who look both ways before crossing the street. She finds that
people are more likely to do so when by themselves rather than in groups. This is an example of:
a. experimental research.
b. field research.
c. a case study.
d. pilot research.
15. Which of the following is NOT a form of validity which social psychologists are interested in obtaining?
a. construct
b. reverse causality
c. external
d. internal
16. A positive or negative value that shows the strength and direction of the association between two variables is
referred to as a:
a. point estimate.
b. dependent variable.
c. conceptual replication.
d. correlation coefficient.
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Chap 01_3e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What is the most general term for the type of research in which two or more variables are measured and
compared to determine the extent to which they are associated?
a. the experimental method
b. the correlational method
c. quasi-experimental design
d. random assignment
2. Researchers are interested in whether the amount of violent video games played as a child is related to
aggression in adulthood. To answer this question, they collected data on a group of 200 people each year
from the ages of 9–25. This study is BEST considered an example of a(n):
a. longitudinal design.
b. correlational design.
c. experimental design.
d. quasi-experiment.
3. _____ refers to the judgment that for a particular experiment, it is possible to conclude that the independent
variable caused the change in the dependent variable.
a. Internal validity
b. Operationalization
c. Construct validity
d. External validity
4. Which of the following is NOT an official ethical requirement for research with human subjects?
a. Participants must be given the chance for informed consent and be free to withdraw at any time.
b. Projects must be approved by an institutional review board.
c. The full purpose of a study must be explained to participants before they begin.
d. Participants should be assured that efforts will be taken to protect the confidentiality and anonymity of
their data.
5. Carol and Dean are moving to a new state and trying to decide between three cities to live in. As a child,
Carol knew someone from one of these cities whom she did not like, and thinks negatively about this city as
a result. When visiting this city, Carol only notices things such as potholes in the road, rundown buildings, and
litter in the street. Which psychological concept best explains Carol's behavior?
a. reverse causality
b. causal attributions
c. confirmation bias
d. stereotype threat
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_3e
6. An if-then statement that specifies what the relationships between variables should be like if a theory is
correct is called a:
a. correlation coefficient.
b. hypothesis.
c. research question.
d. causal attribution.
7. Which of the following techniques of measurement is NOT considered a tool of the neuroscience perspective
in social psychology?
a. brain imaging
b. assessing cardiovascular functioning
c. assessing people's behaviors
d. measuring brain waves
8. Lord and colleagues had psychology students read about two studies on the social impact of capital
punishment. One study seemed to confirm that the death penalty is effective as a crime deterrent, while the
other study suggested that it is not effective. Students on both sides of the debate came away holding their
initial positions even more strongly than before. This finding is evidence of:
a. social comparison.
b. confirmation bias.
c. causal attribution.
d. hypocrisy.
9. Which of the following events had a major influence on the history of social psychology?
a. the economic crisis of the 1970s
b. World War II
c. the Cold War
d. the development of institutional care for people with severe personality disorders
10. Simon is a very extraverted person. However, at school he rarely talks to his classmates. What is the best
explanation of Simon's behavior in this case?
a. his personality
b. the situation
c. his habits
d. the interaction of the situation and his personality
Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01_3e
11. Which of the following instances is an example of the way we use social comparisons to self-evaluate?
a. An instructor provides personal feedback on a test.
b. A person shooting rolled-up paper balls into a wastebasket is able to make three baskets.
c. A child thinks about how tall she is by looking around at the other children in her classroom.
d. A mother decides that her son is her favorite person in the world.
12. Which of the following sequences BEST demonstrates the cycle of theory and research in science?
a. Hypothesis → Theory→ Revised Theory → Research Outcome
b. Theory → Hypothesis → Revised Theory → Research Outcome
c. Hypothesis → Theory → Research Outcome → Revised Theory
d. Theory → Hypothesis → Research Outcome → Revised Theory
13. When we randomly assign participants to different conditions of a variable, we are creating a(n):
a. independent variable.
b. dependent variable.
c. independent and a dependent variable.
d. correlation coefficient.
14. A researcher counts the number of people who look both ways before crossing the street. She finds that
people are more likely to do so when by themselves rather than in groups. This is an example of:
a. experimental research.
b. field research.
c. a case study.
d. pilot research.
15. Which of the following is NOT a form of validity which social psychologists are interested in obtaining?
a. construct
b. reverse causality
c. external
d. internal
16. A positive or negative value that shows the strength and direction of the association between two variables is
referred to as a:
a. point estimate.
b. dependent variable.
c. conceptual replication.
d. correlation coefficient.
Copyright Macmillan Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
