NLN PAX Physics Exam (Answerd) Verified
Solution
Displacement
Distance that an object is from some starting point, and it is measured in units of length.
Motion
when an object is in motion, it's displacement is constantly changing.
-Velocity (speed)
-Acceleration
Speed
Is the distance traveled by an object per unit of time.
- Speed equals distance traveled over time.
Velocity
Speed in a given direction; it therefore tells us two things about a moving object, it's
speed and direction.
Acceleration
Rate of change in velocity
Deceleration
Negative acceleration, or a decrease in velocity and can cause a change in direction.
Momentum
equal to the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity.
-Momentum = mass X velocity.
Conversion of momentum
States that the total momentum of an isolated system is always constant.
Newton's First law
Law of inertia, states that objects in motion tend to stay in motion and that objects at
rest tend to stay at rest.
Inertia
Property of matter that resists any change in motion.
Newton's Second Law
Describes the relationship between force, mass and acceleration. Force applied on an
object equals the mass of the object time it's acceleration.
-Force= mass x acceleration ( or f= ma)
Newton
Is the unit that represents a force that accelerates a mass of 1 kilogram 1 meter per
second.
Gravity
force of attraction between all objects in the universe.
Weight
The pull of gravity on an object.
Density
Which is mass per unit volume
-Density = mass over volume.
Torque
Perpendicular force times the lever arm.
, Lever arm
Distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is exerted. The farther the
force is from the axis of rotation, the easier it is to rotate the object and the more torque
is produced.
Centripetal Force
You must continually exert a force pulling the ball back toward the center of the circle.
Newtons Third Law
States that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Kinetic Energy
Energy associated with motion. Any moving body has this type energy because it is
able to do work by moving other bodies.
-Kinetic energy = 1/2 (mass x velocity)2
Potential energy
Energy stored in a body because of it's position.
Work
defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance through which
the force is applied.
-Work= force x distance.
Joule
Unit of energy equal to the work done by a force of 1 newton acting over a distance of 1
meter.
Power
Rate at which work is done.
-Power - force x distance over time .
Machine
Device that makes work easier by changing the force or the direction of an applied
force.
Efficiency
The work done divided by the energy used to power the machine, or the ratio of work
input to work output.
Inclined plane
Slanted surface used to raise an object
Wedge
Moving inclined plane
Screw
Inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Lever
Simple machine that is free to move around a fulcrum when force is applied.
Pulley
Chain or rope wrapped around a wheel.
Weel and axle
Act as a lever that rotates in a circle.
Compound machine
Combination of two or more simple machines.
Atoms
Smallest particles of an element that retain all the chemical properties of the element.
Solution
Displacement
Distance that an object is from some starting point, and it is measured in units of length.
Motion
when an object is in motion, it's displacement is constantly changing.
-Velocity (speed)
-Acceleration
Speed
Is the distance traveled by an object per unit of time.
- Speed equals distance traveled over time.
Velocity
Speed in a given direction; it therefore tells us two things about a moving object, it's
speed and direction.
Acceleration
Rate of change in velocity
Deceleration
Negative acceleration, or a decrease in velocity and can cause a change in direction.
Momentum
equal to the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity.
-Momentum = mass X velocity.
Conversion of momentum
States that the total momentum of an isolated system is always constant.
Newton's First law
Law of inertia, states that objects in motion tend to stay in motion and that objects at
rest tend to stay at rest.
Inertia
Property of matter that resists any change in motion.
Newton's Second Law
Describes the relationship between force, mass and acceleration. Force applied on an
object equals the mass of the object time it's acceleration.
-Force= mass x acceleration ( or f= ma)
Newton
Is the unit that represents a force that accelerates a mass of 1 kilogram 1 meter per
second.
Gravity
force of attraction between all objects in the universe.
Weight
The pull of gravity on an object.
Density
Which is mass per unit volume
-Density = mass over volume.
Torque
Perpendicular force times the lever arm.
, Lever arm
Distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is exerted. The farther the
force is from the axis of rotation, the easier it is to rotate the object and the more torque
is produced.
Centripetal Force
You must continually exert a force pulling the ball back toward the center of the circle.
Newtons Third Law
States that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Kinetic Energy
Energy associated with motion. Any moving body has this type energy because it is
able to do work by moving other bodies.
-Kinetic energy = 1/2 (mass x velocity)2
Potential energy
Energy stored in a body because of it's position.
Work
defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance through which
the force is applied.
-Work= force x distance.
Joule
Unit of energy equal to the work done by a force of 1 newton acting over a distance of 1
meter.
Power
Rate at which work is done.
-Power - force x distance over time .
Machine
Device that makes work easier by changing the force or the direction of an applied
force.
Efficiency
The work done divided by the energy used to power the machine, or the ratio of work
input to work output.
Inclined plane
Slanted surface used to raise an object
Wedge
Moving inclined plane
Screw
Inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Lever
Simple machine that is free to move around a fulcrum when force is applied.
Pulley
Chain or rope wrapped around a wheel.
Weel and axle
Act as a lever that rotates in a circle.
Compound machine
Combination of two or more simple machines.
Atoms
Smallest particles of an element that retain all the chemical properties of the element.
