VCLA study material
1. Context Clues: Using the " " To determine the meaning of a
word with Multiple meanings
2. Familiar word: Use a familiar word in a context that is not so
familiar., Use a familiar word in a context that is not so familiar.
3. Punctuation mark use: Besides actual clue words, context hints can
also come from punctuation marks like commas or dashes.
4. Main Idea: Identify the Stated Main Idea of a Paragraph or Passage
5. Expository Writing: Writing that explains - the main idea of a
passage is usually stated in the passage; it is explicit. Frequently, it
will be stated as the first sentence of the passage or at the end of the
introduction.
6. Own writing or User writing: In your own writing, you may have
learned to call this main idea a topic statement.
7. Stated Main Idea: In order to draw an inference, the reader must use
past knowledge plus the facts and opinions of the writer. Keep the
main idea in mind as you read, and determine whether or not you can
conclude the same ideas as those of the writer.
8. Also, and, besides, again: A word, phrase, sentence adds to the
content of the preceding one.
9. In fact, in other words, obviously, of course, too, evidently: A word,
phrase, sentence clarifies the content of the preceding one.
,10.Also, likewise, similar, by the same token: A phrase/sentence
indicates a comparison to the preceding one.
11.Although, but, however, in contrast, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary,
on the other hand: A phrase/sentence indicates contrast to the
preceding one.
12.For example, to illustrate, for instance, thus, that is: A
phrase/sentence provides an example of a preceding
generalization.
13.below, above, near, next to, opposite, elsewhere, within: A
phrase/sentence shows location or spatial order.
14.because, as a result of: A phrase/sentence shows cause and effect.
15.to conclude, in short to summarize: A phrase/sentence summarizes.
16.After, at that time, before, during, while, at last, now, first, second,
imme- diately: A phrase/sentence shows time order.
17.Signal Words: alert the reader to the relationships intended.
, 18.Adjacent Sentences Clues: Using adjoining sentences to present
adjoining definition
19.Luminosity: Emission of light
20.Contingency Fund: Cash that is set aside for unexpected needs of
the busi- ness. Emergency money
21.Furrows: Long cuts made by a plow
22.Shambling: Walking awkwardly, falling apart
23.Entire passage clues: Look at the entire paragraph or passage to
figure out the definion of word or term.
24.Nostalgia: Greek word for "away from home, "pain"
25.Nostalgic: Feeling distress discomfort, alienated, separated from
the love ones or a love place
26.credibility: believability
27.assuage: To make easier or milder, relieve; to quiet, calm; to put
an end to, appease, satisfy, quench
28.Hyperbole: a figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express
strong emo- tion, make a point, or evoke humor
29.Apahty: lack of caring or eamotion
30.Xenophobic: having a fear or hatred for foreigners
31.incarceration: imprisonment; jailing; confinement
32.Main idea: What the author says about the topic; the most
important message of the selection.
1. Context Clues: Using the " " To determine the meaning of a
word with Multiple meanings
2. Familiar word: Use a familiar word in a context that is not so
familiar., Use a familiar word in a context that is not so familiar.
3. Punctuation mark use: Besides actual clue words, context hints can
also come from punctuation marks like commas or dashes.
4. Main Idea: Identify the Stated Main Idea of a Paragraph or Passage
5. Expository Writing: Writing that explains - the main idea of a
passage is usually stated in the passage; it is explicit. Frequently, it
will be stated as the first sentence of the passage or at the end of the
introduction.
6. Own writing or User writing: In your own writing, you may have
learned to call this main idea a topic statement.
7. Stated Main Idea: In order to draw an inference, the reader must use
past knowledge plus the facts and opinions of the writer. Keep the
main idea in mind as you read, and determine whether or not you can
conclude the same ideas as those of the writer.
8. Also, and, besides, again: A word, phrase, sentence adds to the
content of the preceding one.
9. In fact, in other words, obviously, of course, too, evidently: A word,
phrase, sentence clarifies the content of the preceding one.
,10.Also, likewise, similar, by the same token: A phrase/sentence
indicates a comparison to the preceding one.
11.Although, but, however, in contrast, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary,
on the other hand: A phrase/sentence indicates contrast to the
preceding one.
12.For example, to illustrate, for instance, thus, that is: A
phrase/sentence provides an example of a preceding
generalization.
13.below, above, near, next to, opposite, elsewhere, within: A
phrase/sentence shows location or spatial order.
14.because, as a result of: A phrase/sentence shows cause and effect.
15.to conclude, in short to summarize: A phrase/sentence summarizes.
16.After, at that time, before, during, while, at last, now, first, second,
imme- diately: A phrase/sentence shows time order.
17.Signal Words: alert the reader to the relationships intended.
, 18.Adjacent Sentences Clues: Using adjoining sentences to present
adjoining definition
19.Luminosity: Emission of light
20.Contingency Fund: Cash that is set aside for unexpected needs of
the busi- ness. Emergency money
21.Furrows: Long cuts made by a plow
22.Shambling: Walking awkwardly, falling apart
23.Entire passage clues: Look at the entire paragraph or passage to
figure out the definion of word or term.
24.Nostalgia: Greek word for "away from home, "pain"
25.Nostalgic: Feeling distress discomfort, alienated, separated from
the love ones or a love place
26.credibility: believability
27.assuage: To make easier or milder, relieve; to quiet, calm; to put
an end to, appease, satisfy, quench
28.Hyperbole: a figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express
strong emo- tion, make a point, or evoke humor
29.Apahty: lack of caring or eamotion
30.Xenophobic: having a fear or hatred for foreigners
31.incarceration: imprisonment; jailing; confinement
32.Main idea: What the author says about the topic; the most
important message of the selection.
