Nutrition Module 4 Portage Graded A+

Nutrition Module 4 Portage Graded A+ Antiduretic hormone (ADH) Ans- released by pituitary gland to signal kidneys to conserve water Aldosterone Ans- released from adrenal glands signaling the kidney to retain sodium which also leads to water retention 4 Major Functions of Vitamin C Ans- 1) Collagen Synthesis 2) Antioxidant Activity 3) Iron Absorption 4) Boosting Immunity Bioavailability Ans- the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used Vitamin E Ans- An antioxidant found in cell membranes that decreases the risk for cancer and cell damage Carotenoids Ans- Plant pigments that play an important role in preventing cardiovascular disease Major Minerals Ans- more than 100mg/daily Minor Minerals Ans- less than 100mg/daily Vitamin A Ans- Night blindness is an early sign of a deficiency of this vitamin Iron (2 types) Ans- Heme-animal flesh, hemoglobin or myoglobin nonheme- elemental 6 Ions for Water Balance Ans- 1) Sodium 2) Potassium 3) Chloride 4) Phosphate 5) Magnesium 6) Calcium Extracellular Ans- water outside the cell Folate Ans- Very important in pregnant women, deficiency can result in neural tube defects 8 B vitamins Ans- 1) thiamin 2) riboflavin 3) niacin 4) panthothenic acid 5) biotin 6) B-6 7) Folate 8) B-12 Absorbing more Iron Ans- combine with heme iron or Vitamin C Osmosis Ans- when water moves from inside the cell to outside the cell intracellular Ans- within the cell Vitamin D Ans- Can be produced by the body Sodium Ans- a. fluid balance/nerve impulse transmision b. table salt, processed foods, restaurants c. OVER consumption=hypertension Potassium Ans- a. intracellular fluid control, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contractions b. fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy c. muscle cramps, confusion, cardiac arrythimias Chloride Ans- a. ectracellular fluid control, immune, hydrochloric acid in stomach b. table salt c. OVER consumption=high blood pressure Calcium Ans- a. teeth/bone structure, blood clotting, nerve impulse, muscle contractions b. dairy, dark leafy greens, tofu, salmon c. tetany muscles can't relax Phosphorus Ans- a. bone health b. meat, cheese, milk, grains c. N/A Magnesium Ans- a. bone health, production ATP, DNA, RNA b. plants, milk, meat c. irregular heartbeats, weakness, muscle pain, seizures Iron Ans- a. red blood cells, hemoglobin b. animal flesh, vegetable, milk, eggs c. anemia Zinc Ans- a. muscles, bones, wound healing, sexual organ maturation , milk, poultry, peanuts, legumes c. acne-like rash, diarrhea, hair loss, hypogeasia, hyposamia Selenium Ans- a. antioxidant, thyroid hormone metabolism b. fish, meat, eggs, Brazil nuts c. muscle pain, muscle wasting, specific heart disease Iodide Ans- a. growth and development, regulate metabolism, thyroid hormone synthesis b. salt (added), seafood, dairy, grain c. Goiter, cretinism Copper Ans- a. metabolism Iron, connective tissue, blood clotting, immune b. liver, seafood, legumes, nuts, dried fruit, cocoa c. low white cell, poor growth, bone loss, anemia Fluoride Ans- a. teeth health b. water supply, supplements c. mottling, tooth decay, cavaties Chromium Ans- a. transport glucose, insulin func