A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - ANSFalse
Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia - ANSfalse
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the
number of cells - ANSTrue
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - ANSTrue
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease - ANSsensitivity
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - ANSreliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - ANSvalidity
people without the disease who are negative on a given test - ANSspecificity
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ANSit includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - ANS1: Proteins carry
out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - ANS1: Controls the
transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ANS1: They are found far
from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - ANSpathophysiology
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are these
examples of? - ANSsigns and symptoms
,Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - ANSIf negative, it can safely be
assumed that the person does not have a disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
ANSEtiologic factors
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - ANSTertiary prevention occurs after a
disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications
or deterioration. One example is the use of certain medications one must take after a
heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - ANSIn dry gangrene the
affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to
dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in
arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under
tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by
bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. -
ANSnecrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart of a living person.
An example of this would be luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the
catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
sunburn - ANSradiation injury
obesity - ANSnutritional imbalances
reactive oxygen species - ANSfree radical injury
low oxygen to tissues - ANShypoxic cell injury
fractures - ANSphysical agents
OTC drugs - ANSChemical injury
hypothermia - ANSphysical agents
radiation treatment - ANSradiation injury
, lead toxicity - ANSchemical injury
bacteria - ANSbiologic agents
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example
of each. - ANSEpithelial tissue- covers the body's outer surface, it is avascular and gets
its o2 from the capillaries found in the neighboring connective tissues, and example of
this is simple squamous tissue which means one layer of thin cells.
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue- is found all throughout the body, helps with communication between
tissues and the central nervous system. it aids in the functions of the body due to
internal and external stimuli, helps with movement, and electrical signaling. neurons are
an example of this, they aid in communicating to other cells in the body, they are held
and supported by glial cells.
Connective tissue
What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter? - ANSPhagocytosis
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical or
chemical gradient? - ANSActive transport
Give one function of a membrane potential: - ANSGenerate nerve impulse, muscle
contractions, or cause hormone secretion
What is the term that best describes the following process?
A transport protein aiding a lipid insoluble or large molecule across the cell membrane
that would otherwise not be able to pass through on its own. - ANSfacilitated diffusion
Blood tests for tumor markers can make a diagnosis of cancer. Why or why not? -
ANSFalse, only tissue can diagnose. Tumor markers are helpful to assess response to
therapy or reoccurrence.
Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role? - ANSDiagnosing the correct cancer
and histology.
Explain the TNM system: - ANST is the size and local spread of the primary tumor.
N is the involvement of the regional lymph nodes.
M is the extent of the metastatic involvement.
Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia - ANSfalse
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the
number of cells - ANSTrue
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - ANSTrue
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease - ANSsensitivity
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - ANSreliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - ANSvalidity
people without the disease who are negative on a given test - ANSspecificity
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ANSit includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - ANS1: Proteins carry
out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - ANS1: Controls the
transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ANS1: They are found far
from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - ANSpathophysiology
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are these
examples of? - ANSsigns and symptoms
,Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - ANSIf negative, it can safely be
assumed that the person does not have a disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
ANSEtiologic factors
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - ANSTertiary prevention occurs after a
disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications
or deterioration. One example is the use of certain medications one must take after a
heart attack to help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - ANSIn dry gangrene the
affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to
dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in
arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under
tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by
bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. -
ANSnecrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart of a living person.
An example of this would be luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the
catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
sunburn - ANSradiation injury
obesity - ANSnutritional imbalances
reactive oxygen species - ANSfree radical injury
low oxygen to tissues - ANShypoxic cell injury
fractures - ANSphysical agents
OTC drugs - ANSChemical injury
hypothermia - ANSphysical agents
radiation treatment - ANSradiation injury
, lead toxicity - ANSchemical injury
bacteria - ANSbiologic agents
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example
of each. - ANSEpithelial tissue- covers the body's outer surface, it is avascular and gets
its o2 from the capillaries found in the neighboring connective tissues, and example of
this is simple squamous tissue which means one layer of thin cells.
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue- is found all throughout the body, helps with communication between
tissues and the central nervous system. it aids in the functions of the body due to
internal and external stimuli, helps with movement, and electrical signaling. neurons are
an example of this, they aid in communicating to other cells in the body, they are held
and supported by glial cells.
Connective tissue
What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter? - ANSPhagocytosis
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical or
chemical gradient? - ANSActive transport
Give one function of a membrane potential: - ANSGenerate nerve impulse, muscle
contractions, or cause hormone secretion
What is the term that best describes the following process?
A transport protein aiding a lipid insoluble or large molecule across the cell membrane
that would otherwise not be able to pass through on its own. - ANSfacilitated diffusion
Blood tests for tumor markers can make a diagnosis of cancer. Why or why not? -
ANSFalse, only tissue can diagnose. Tumor markers are helpful to assess response to
therapy or reoccurrence.
Tissue biopsy is of critical importance in what role? - ANSDiagnosing the correct cancer
and histology.
Explain the TNM system: - ANST is the size and local spread of the primary tumor.
N is the involvement of the regional lymph nodes.
M is the extent of the metastatic involvement.
