● The Genetic Code
○ Proteins are made from 20 Nucleotides
● Defining a Codon
○ Glasow stated that the Nucleotides must be in 3 base codes
■ Multiple unique triplets would code for the same Amino Acid
● Deciphering the Code
○ Researchers took simple mRNA proteins and saw what they coded for
○ Marshall Nerenberg and Johann Mattaei
■ All the components they believed were necessary for Protein synthesis
into tubes
● RNA Template, nucleotides, Ribosomes, Amino acids, and an
energy source
■ Started by making a simple Nucleic acid made of Uracils
● Produced a repeating simple polypeptide sequence - identical
amino acids
○ Created Phenylalanine
■ Follow up research used alternating Uracil and Cytosines
●
● Always resulted in a string of Leucine and Serine
● Confirmed 3 nucleotides result in a Codon
● The standard code
○ Codons are written 5’ to 3’ position
■ Codons on the coding strand = non-template strand
○ Proteins are made from 20 Nucleotides
● Defining a Codon
○ Glasow stated that the Nucleotides must be in 3 base codes
■ Multiple unique triplets would code for the same Amino Acid
● Deciphering the Code
○ Researchers took simple mRNA proteins and saw what they coded for
○ Marshall Nerenberg and Johann Mattaei
■ All the components they believed were necessary for Protein synthesis
into tubes
● RNA Template, nucleotides, Ribosomes, Amino acids, and an
energy source
■ Started by making a simple Nucleic acid made of Uracils
● Produced a repeating simple polypeptide sequence - identical
amino acids
○ Created Phenylalanine
■ Follow up research used alternating Uracil and Cytosines
●
● Always resulted in a string of Leucine and Serine
● Confirmed 3 nucleotides result in a Codon
● The standard code
○ Codons are written 5’ to 3’ position
■ Codons on the coding strand = non-template strand
