Epidemiology exam qbank| 228 questions| with complete solutions

Broncoville has a population of 100,000. In 2011, there 1,000 deaths in the population from all causes. There were 300 cases of tuberculosis (TB) identified. In 2011, 110 people died of TB. What is the cause-specific mortality rate per 1,000 population? correct answer: 1.10 TB deaths per 1,000 population in 2011 All proportions are ratios, but not all ratios are proportions. correct answer: True In a recent study of dental erosion in 5-year-old children, 202 healthy school-attending children were selected for study. The investigators recorded the erosion level on their maxillary deciduous incisors and whether or not their communities used fluoridated water. The results are summarized in the table below: Dental Erosion in 5-Year-Old Children Evidence of Erosion No Evidence of Erosion Total Fluoridated Area 46 (a) 30 (b) 76 Non-fluoridated Area 77 (c) 37 (d) 114 Total 123 67 190 What is the incidence rate for the non fluoridated area? correct answer: 0.68 new cases of dental erosion in the non-floridated area In Australia on December 31, 1995, there were 4,494 dialysis patients and 4,209 transplant-dependent patients. At that time, there were approximately 9.3 million citizens in Australia. a. What is the prevalence rate for dialysis patients [1]? correct answer: 0.00048 In Australia on December 31, 1995, there were 4,494 dialysis patients and 4,209 transplant-dependent patients. At that time, there were approximately 9.3 million citizens in Australia. b. What is the prevalence rate per million transplant-dependent patients [2]? correct answer: 452.58 Prevalence is defined as: correct answer: The number of disease cases in a population at a given time. It is calculated by dividing the disease cases at a specified time by the number of persons at risk for having the disease at that specified time. Incidence is defined as: correct answer: The number of new cases in a population at a given time. It is calculated by dividing the number of new disease cases at a specified time by the number of persons at risk for having the disease at that specifiied time. Communities P and Q have equal age-adjusted mortality rates. Community P has a lower crude mortality rate than Q. One may conclude that: correct answer: P has a younger population than Q In a recent study of dental erosion in 5-year-old children, 202 healthy school-attending children were selected for study. The investigators recorded the erosion level on their maxillary deciduous incisors and whether or not their communities used fluoridated water. The results are summarized in the table below: Dental Erosion in 5-Year-Old Children Evidence of Erosion No Evidence of Erosion Total Fluoridated Area