Epidemiology 410 Final Exam| 169 questions| with complete solutions

Pandemic correct answer: an epidemic occurring worldwide or over a very wide area crossing international boundaries and usually affecting a large number of people Endemic correct answer: the constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a given geographic area or population Epidemic correct answer: the occurrence, in a community or region, of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related events clearly in excess of normal expectations Epidemiology correct answer: distribution and determinants of health and diseases, morbidity, injuries, disability, and mortality in populations Epidemiological transition correct answer: a shift in morbidity/mortality from causes related primarily to infectious diseases to causes associated with chronic diseases Person related variable- Age correct answer: -may be the most important factor -mortality and chronic diseases increase with age Person related variable- Sex correct answer: -mortality rates are higher for men than women -men often develop more severe forms of chronic diseases Person related variable- Marital status correct answer: -married people tend to have lower rates of morbidity and mortality -protective/causative: may provide an environment conducive to health -selective: people who marry may be healthier to begin with Person related variable- Socioeconomic status correct answer: -composite measure of income level, occupation level, and type of occupation -low social class is related to excess mortality, morbidity, and disability rates poor housing crowded conditions racial disadvantages low income poor education unemployment Person related variable- Religion correct answer: -certain religions prescribe lifestyles that may influence rates of morbidity and mortality -Seventh Day Adventists: follow vegetarian diet and abstain from alcohol and tobacco use -Fatalism: relates to the idea that health is in the hands of a higher power