Health Policy and Management JHU Final (Exam 2 (not cumulative) flashcards questions with complete solutions

Global Disease Burden correct answer: 90% low-middle income, which only spend 12% on healthcare Low Income $745 per capita correct answer: o Less than $25 per person on health care o Gov revenues limited by narrow tax base o Difficult to afford health insurance o 80% total revenues = out of pocket spending o International assistance ½ of health spending o Chronic and infections disease Middle income: $746-2975 per capita (lower middle) $ (upper-middle) correct answer: o $25-500 per person spent on health care o Private health insurance growing o Expansion of gov tax base o Public health insurance possible but not common o Increasing levels of chronic disease High income %9206 correct answer: o Most have universal health insurance coverage o Mostly public insurance or gov mandated o Most illness is chronic disease Income and Health Outcomes correct answer: Highly correlated with many health outcomes BUT: within income levels, there are countries with better and worse outcomes Global Cause of Death correct answer: 59% noncommunicable disease (chronic?) 32% Communicable/maternal/perinatal/nutritional conditions 9% injuries % Deaths Attributable to Chronic Disease correct answer: 40% - Low income countries 72% - Lower middle income countries 75% - Upper income countries 87% - High income countries Social Insurance (Germany, Switzerland, Israel, Belgium, Netherlands, Japan) correct answer: Social insurance program (illness, accident and old age) financed by industry and workers Min. benefit package mandated by government Job-based premium, percent of wage Private sector production Everyone below a certain income level is expected to join a health insurance fund (sickness fund) - they all pay a percentage of income Free choice among sickness funds, general practioner, sp