N205 Midterm (graded A+ and with verified solutions)

Justice - ANShuman participants should be treated fairly informed consent - ANSan ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate process consent - ANSAn interpretation of the ethical standard of voluntary consent that allows participants to change their decision about participating at any point by requiring that the researcher check with participants at each stage of the project about their willingness to continue in the project. Research Ethics Board (REB) - ANSresearch oversight group that evaluates research to protect the rights of participants in the study respect for persons - ANSan ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that research participants should be treated as autonomous agents and that certain groups deserve special protections risk/benefit ratio - ANSan analysis of whether the research is important enough to warrant placing participants at risk control group - ANSIn an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. experimental group - ANSIn an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable. external validity - ANSthe extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other situations and to other people extraneous variable - ANSany aspect of the experimetal setting that must be held constant to prevent unplanned environmental variation Hawthorne effect - ANSA change in a subject's behavior caused simply by the awareness of being studied homogeneity - ANSthe quality of being similar or comparable in kind or nature internal validity - ANSthe degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable