Geology Lab Week 4 Quiz 2023 with verified questions and answers

What is lithification and its four major processes. Lithification is the process by which sedimentary rocks form. Compaction, cementation, precipitation, and re-crystallization How are detrital and siliciclastic rocks classified? The size of their grains Given two siliciclastic grains of the same make up being transported by a river, one angular and one rounded, which do you think has traveled further? Why? The rounded one due to the distribution of erosion all around the grain. What is the major difference between conglomerate and breccia? Conglomerate is composed of large grains, breccia of smaller grains. What is the difference between chemical weathering and physical weathering? Be specific. Chemical weathering involves chemical forces, and thus results in a change in chemical composition. Physical weathering involves physical forces, and doesn't result in a change in chemical composition. In general, do abundant larger siliciclastic grains indicate a low or high energy environment? Why? High energy because it takes a lot of energy to move the grains. Give one example for how organic limestone is formed. Fossiliferous limestone forms when fossils are compacted together with calcite. Explain how coal might form. Plant residue gets buried in sediment; pressure and heat moulds it. Provide an example of a chemical sedimentary rock and explain how it would form; was it a primary or secondary process? Rock salt is formed by a primary process of very salty water precipitating.