Psychiatric Assessment and Fundamentals of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing NCLEX Quiz: 50 Questions

Psychiatric Assessment and Fundamentals of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing NCLEX Quiz: 50 Questions 1. 1. Question Marco approached Nurse Trisha asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. Nurse Trisha should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is: o A. Psychotherapy o B. Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) o C. Total abstinence o D. Aversion Therapy Incorrect Correct Answer: C. Total abstinence Total abstinence is the only effective treatment for alcoholism. Offering counseling on moderation may help convince some problem drinkers to seek help before they suffer painful consequences. Research into moderate or “controlled” drinking has shown that this strategy can be successful for patients who have not yet developed a pervasive pattern of alcohol abuse, or who have experienced few negative consequences from drinking. It also helps to be young, female, employed, in a stable social situation, and confident about moderating intake. The goal is to help patients set goals and drinking limits before they cross the line into dependence. • Option A: Psychotherapy is a general term for treating mental health problems by talking with a psychiatrist, psychologist, or other mental health providers. During psychotherapy, the client learns about their condition and their moods, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors. Psychotherapy helps the client learn how to take control of their life and respond to challenging situations with healthy coping skills. There are many types of psychotherapy, each with its own approach. The type of psychotherapy that’s right for each client depends on their individual situation. Psychotherapy is also known as talk therapy, counseling, psychosocial therapy or, simply, therapy. • Option B: Alcoholics Anonymous is an international fellowship of men and women who have had a drinking problem. It is nonprofessional, self-supporting, multiracial, apolitical, and available almost everywhere. There are no age or education requirements. Membership is open to anyone who wants to do something about their drinking problem. • Option D: Aversion therapy is a type of behavioral therapy that involves repeated pairing of unwanted behavior with discomfort. For example, a person undergoing aversion therapy to stop smoking might receive an electrical shock every time they view an image of a cigarette. The goal of the conditioning process is to make the individual associate the stimulus with unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations. 2. 2. Question Nurse Hazel is caring for a male client who experiences false sensory perceptions with no basis in reality. This perception is known as: • A. Hallucinations • B. Delusions • C. Loose associations • D. Neologisms Incorrect Correct Answer: A. Hallucinations Hallucinations are visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile or olfactory perceptions that have no basis in reality. The word “hallucination” comes from Latin and means “to wander mentally.” Hallucinations are defined as the “perception of a nonexistent object or event” and “sensory experiences that are not caused by stimulation of the relevant sensory organs.” Hallucinations occur frequently in people with psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, however, you don’t necessarily need to have a mental illness to experience hallucinations. • Option B: Delusions are defined as fixed, false beliefs that conflict with reality. Despite contrary evidence, a person in a delusional state can’t let go of their convictions. Delusions are often reinforced by the misinterpretation of events. Many delusions also involve some level of paranoia. For example, someone might contend that the government is controlling our every move via radio waves despite evidence to the contrary. • Option C: A thought disturbance demonstrated by speech that is disconnected and fragmented, with the individual jumping from one idea to another unrelated or indirectly related idea. It is essentially equivalent to derailment. • Option D: In psychiatry, the term is used to describe the creation of words which only have meaning to the person who uses them. It is considered normal in children, but a symptom of thought disorder indicative of a psychotic mental illness such as schizophrenia in adults. Usage of neologisms may also be related to aphasia acquired after brain damage resulting from a stroke or head injury. 3. 3. Question Nurse Monet is caring for a female client who has suicidal tendencies. When accompanying the client to the restroom, Nurse Monet should… • A. Give her privacy. • B. Allow her to urinate. • C. Open the window and allow her to get some fresh air. • D. Observe her. Incorrect Correct Answer: D. Observe her. The nurse has a responsibility to continuously observe the acutely suicidal client. The nurse should watch for clues, such as communicating suicidal thoughts, and messages; hoarding medications and talking about death. First and foremost, the patient’s safety must be assured; this is the intervention. Intervention is based on the application of risk factors coupled with a clinical inquiry