Forestry Final exam Correct

The Pleistocene - ANSWER was the last ice age The Vikings settled Greenland, Pacific Islanders sailed to Hawai'i and New Zealand, the English cultivated vineyards and made wine, and the Anasazi and Cahokian cultures flourished in North America during the period in the climate history known as the - ANSWER medical warm period The forest type that dominated the American forest during the last Ice Age is now found largely in - ANSWER northern Canada and central Alaska The last Ice Age was known as the - ANSWER Pleistocene Epoch The northern forests that extend from Alaska through northern Canada and from Scandinavia through Siberia are dominated by - ANSWER softwoods The tropical forests of the world are dominated by - ANSWER hardwoods The vegetation that is found in tundra are grass-like sedges (plants with triangular-shaped leaves), grasses, herbs, lichens, mosses and scattered small sages. - ANSWER true The vegetative cover that exists immediately south of Northern Hemisphere glaciers is referred to as - ANSWER Tundra A milpa is - ANSWER the technique of growing maize, squash, and beans together American Indian activist and actor, Russell Means abhors the term Native American. - ANSWER true Andrew Ellicott Douglass studied patterns in tree rings to try to find evidence of - ANSWER sunspots and other solar activity Andrew Ellicott Douglass - ANSWER developed the methodology of dendrochronology Chaco Canyon is located in - ANSWER New Mexico Clovis Point is - ANSWER a spear point Henry F. Dobyns estimated that the Indian population at the time of Columbus was approximately 18 million based upon - ANSWER study of the birth and death records in the Jesuit missions and cathedrals of Mexico and Per It is believed that Indians migrated from Siberia to the New World - ANSWER all of the above maize - ANSWER is believed to have been created by selective breeding by the people of Mesoamerica Mitochondrial DNA studies of American Indians reveal that their ancestors probably - ANSWER arrived in three or four migrations first dating back perhaps 30,000 years ago Pueblo Bonito in Chaco Canyon was occupied approximately - ANSWER 1,000 yr Richard Wetherill and Neil Judd led archeological expeditions in Chaco Canyon that revealed much of what we know about the - ANSWER anasazi The Anasazi were the pre-Columbian culture that - ANSWER built cliff dwellings The Clovis-First Theory - ANSWER has fallen out of favor with most The Norte Chico region on the coast of Peru - ANSWER all of the above The archeological site at Chaco Canyon is dominated by - ANSWER a number of stone apartment-like structures built on the canyon floor The archeological site at Mesa Verde is dominated by - ANSWER stone apartment-like structures built on the side of a cliff The archeological site at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico - ANSWER is where the technique of dendrochronology was first employed to determine the dates that the site was occupied The archeological site at Cahokia, Illinois - ANSWER is believed to have been a center for trade among the mound-builders of the Mississippi Valley The culture that built the cliff dwellings at Mesa Verde, Colorado and large apartment-like structures in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico is known as the - ANSWER anasazi The descendants of the people who occupied Chaco Canyon - ANSWER are the modern Pueblo Indians The discovery of the archeological remnants of an advanced civilization in the Norte Chico region of Peru - ANSWER were not made until the 21st century he inner, lighter-colored, less dense, inner portion of a growth ring in wood is known as - ANSWER earlywood The milpa - ANSWER all of the above A recent generation of anthropologists and botanists describe much of the Amazon rainforest as - ANSWER a human-created landscape According to Charles Mann, the Pilgrims of Massachusetts observed a scene of death among Indian populations that was caused by - ANSWER smallpox According to Charles C. Mann, the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru by Spanish conquistadors was made possible by - ANSWER decimation of the Inca population from European diseases at least seven years prior to the arrival of the conquistadors Charles C. Mann describes the Beni region in the Amazon basin of Bolivia as - ANSWER the site of numerous man-made mounds connected by causeways that lend credence to theories that it was home to a complex, populous society more than 2,000 years ago Charles C. Mann reports that some historians believe that the coast of New England - ANSWER all of the above Columbus first came ashore in the Americas in - ANSWER 1492 "High counters" in the debate over indigenous populations of North America prior to Columbus tend to believe the population of North America before Columbus may have been as large as - ANSWER 18 million In 1539, an expedition led by Hernando de Soto journeyed through the Mississippi Valley in what is now eastern Arkansas noting - ANSWER a densely populated landscape dominated by numerous large villages and agricultural fields In 1682, Réné-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle explored the Mississippi Valley previously visited by Hernando de Soto and noted - ANSWER a sparsely populated landscape with a few small, poverty-stricken villages "Low counters" in the debate over indigenous populations of North America prior to Columbus tend to believe the population of North America before Columbus may have been as small as - ANSWER 1.8 million Most of the plants cultivated by Indians of the Amazon are believed to have been - ANSWER fruit and nut bearing trees Recent archeological discoveries in the western hemisphere have raised questions and begun sometimes acrimonious debates over - ANSWER all of the above "Slash and burn" agriculture is - ANSWER all of the above Terra preta do Índió - ANSWER all of the above The Mound Builder complex at Cahokia, Illinois was occupied approximately - ANSWER 1,000 years ago