Abdomen ARDMS Review Pathology 2023

Abdomen ARDMS Review Pathology 2023 What type of thyroid carcinoma is most lethal? A) medullary B) anaplastic C) papillary D) follicular B) anaplastic Adrenal hemorrhage is most commonly seen in ________________________. A) adults over 70yrs B) juvenile patients with chromosomal defects C) adults over 50yrs D) newborns D) newborns 00:0201:36 A right renal mass will displace the IVC: A) laterally B) medially C) superiorly D) inferiorly B) medially A patient presents with an acute onset of left scrotal pain this morning. The US exam demonstrates small hydrocele and an ellarged body and tail of the epidydimis. there is minimal flow demonstrated in the body and tail but the head appears normal. These findings are most suggestive of: A) focal epididymitis of body and tail B) torsion of epididymal body C) focal epididymitis of the head D) sperm granuloma B) torsion of epididymal body ________________________ is the most common malignant neoplasm found in the prostate A) central zone sarcoma B) metastasis C) adenocarcinoma D) transitional cell carcinoma C) adenocarcinoma What is caput medusa? A) tortuous vessels around umbilicus caused by portal HTN B) formation of splenorenal varices C) failure of TIPS shunt D) formation of gastroesophageal varices A) tortuous vessels aroubd umbilicus caused by portal HTN Which of the following statements is true regarding retroperitoneal lymph nodes? A) both normal and abnormal lymph nodes exhibit mild posterior shadowing B) normal lymph nodes exhibit posterior enhancement C) abnormal lymph nodes exhibit posterior enhancement D) a lymph node is considered abnormally enlarged once it reaches a maximum dimension of 3 cm C) abnormal lymph nodes exhibit posterior enhancement Which of the following foreign body types is visualized on sonography than with radiography? A) rose thorn B) glass C) broken needle D) gravel A) rose thorn Tuberculosis and ___________________ will demonstrate similar ultrasound findings in the spleen A) infarction B) hamartoma C) hemangioma D) sarcoidosis D) sarcoidosis A patient presents with a history of fever and vomitting with increased levels of amylase and lipase. While scanning the abdomen you note a complicated cyst in the anterior pararenal space on the left side. These findings are most consistent with: A) splenic aneurysm B) splenic varices C) GI Tract Mass D) pancreatic pseudocyst D) pancreatic pseudocyst Grave's disease refers to a type of ___________________. hyperthyroidism Which of the following would not be associated with jaundice? A) stone at ampulla of vater B) hepatitis C) sphincter of oddi dysfunction D) mucocele of GB D) mucocele of GB 00:0301:36 Which testicular tumor will cause b-hCG levels to rise but AFP levels will be normal? A) yolk sac tumor B) choriocarcinoma C) embryonal cell carcinoma D) epidermoid cyst B) choriocarcinoma _____________________ usually leads to increased levels of b-hCG and AFP. A) yolk sac tumor B) choriocarcinoma C) embryonal cell carcinoma D) epidermoid cyst C) embryonal cell carcinoma Which of the following describes how to differentiate adenomyomatosis of the GB from cholesterolosis of the GB?A) Adenomyomatosis is usually a focal process and cholesterolosis is a diffuse process. B) Adenomyomatosis is usually a diffuse process and cholesterolosis is a focal process. C) the polyps in cholesterolosis do not exhibit the comet tail artifact but polyps with adenomyomatosis do demonstrate the artifact D) the polyps in cholesterolosis do exhibit the comet tail artifact but polyps with adenomyomatosis do not demonstrate the artifact C) the polyps in cholesterolosis do not exhibit the comet tail artifact but polyps with adenomyomatosis do demonstrate the artifact Which of the following is commonly associated with contaminated water and causes debris/occlusion within intra-hepatic portal system? A) schistosomiasis B) pyogenic abscess C) amebic abscess D) candidiasis A) schistosomiasis Which of the following is NOT a medication that can be used to treat patients with hypothyroidism? A) levothyroxine B) iron supplements C) iodine supplements D) coumadin D) coumadin Primary testicular carcinoma is usually ______________ and secondary testicular malignancy is usually _____________. A) heterogeneous, isoechoic B) hypoechoic, isoechoic C) unilateral, bilateral D) hypervascular, hypovascular C) unilateral, bilateral Which of the following is not usually treated by surgical intervention? A) pyloric stenosis B) spigelian hernia C) appendicitis D) inussusception D) inussusception Adrenal cortical cancer causes neoplasm formation due to abnormal proliferation of cortical cells. The mass can grow large in size, (_______ cm). It leads to elevated ____________ levels and is associated with _______________ due to high levels of this hormone. Most patients also have ______________ syndrome. 6 androgen hirsutism Cushing What is one of the most common findings on a transrectal ultrasound in prostatitis? A) hypoechoic halo at the periurethral area B) heterogeneous gland with hypervascularity C) homogeneous gland with hypovascularity D) multiple microcalcifications A) hypoechoic halo at the periurethral area Which of the following is an expected sonographic finding with complete duplication of the collecting system of the kidney? A) circumferential cortex at the upper pole B) circumferential cortex at the upper, mid, and lower poles C) circumferential cortex at the lower pole D) circumferential cortex at the mid pole D) circumferential cortex at the mid pole Which of the following is least likely to cause anterior displacement of the aorta? A) mass in left diaphragm crura B) retroperitoneal fibrosis C) spinal mass D) lymphadenopathy A) mass in left diaphragm crura the left and right crura cross just anterior to the aorta and extend to the spine on both sides of the aorta ________________________ causes the development of scar tissue and fibrous plaque formation that usually involves the _________________________ of the penis Peyronie Disease tunica albuginea The ________________ lobe of the liver does not normally atrophy with chronic BUdd Chiari syndrome caudate Which liver function level is the most sensitive indicator for alcoholism? A) AFP B) AST C) GGTP D) ALT C) GGTP gamma glutamyl transpeptidase Acute onset of scrotal pain with a 1cm hypoechoic mass located between testicle and epi head. Normal flow is demonstrated. A) adenomatoid tumor B) seminoma C) sarcoidosis D) torsion of the appendix testis D) torsion of the appendix testis Which of the following is potential collateral pathway formed in patients with cirrhosis? A) blood moves away from emissary veins and into the umbilical vein B) blood moves away from the coronary and short gastric veins into the esophageal veins C) blood moves from the gastric vein into the splenic vein D) blood moves from the splenic vein into the coronary vein B) blood moves away from the coronary and short gastric veins into the esophageal veins Alcohol abuse is the most common cause for: A) renal failure B) acute pancreatitis C) chronic pancreatitis D) cholecystitis C) chronic pancreatitis Which is the following is a cause of parasitic cholangitis? A) biliary ascariasis B) ulcerative colitis C) HIV infection D) gram neg bacteria A) biliary ascariasis If pneomobilia is suspected, visualization of what acoustic artifact would support that diagnosis? A) slice thickness B) ring down C) range resolution D) posterior enhancement B) ring down The diaphragm sign, displaced crus sign, and bare are