State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student year
2023 with complete solution
What are Germs?
Microorganisms that cover almost every surface, including the skin of the human body.
What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria?
Pathogenic is disease causing while non-pathogenic is non disease causing.
The 3 basic types of bacteria and their shape
Bacilli-rod
Cocci-round
Spirilla- spiral
1. Antiseptic
weaker form of disinfectant
2. Disinfectant
chemicals that kill a majority of pathogenic microorganisms
3. Sterilization
process of killing ALL microorganisms
What piece of equipment is the only way to truly sterilize utensils using steam,
heat, and pressure?
Autoclave
What implements or materials cannot be used in an autoclave?
glass
Two disinfectants used in esthetics
1. Sodium Hydrochloride(household bleach)
2. Formaldehyde
What is the ratio you can dilute household bleach for a disinfectant?
1:10 with water
4 disposable materials that prevent cross- contamination
1. cotton swabs
2. paper towels
3.Disposable staptulas
4. Gloves
Cleaning and disinfecting process:
Metal tweezers- clean with soap
Suction attachments- use 70% alcohol then soak for 20 min in a disinfectant
Extractors- clean with soap and water then spray with cavaside
Galvanic rollers- spray with alcohol
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
MSDS( Material Safety Data Sheets)
includes how to safely clean up after an accidental spill
3 diseases a client may have that would contraindicate in-office treatments?
pink eye, impetigo, herpes
CDC
Center for Disease Control
,OPIM
Other Potential Infections Material
Universal and Standard Precautions
Treat all body fluids as they were/are contagious
3 types of blood borne diseases
HIV, Hepatitis, Syphilis
Why must an esthetician wear gloves?
Estheticians must wear gloves to perform in-office treatments in order to protect them
from microorganisms
Impetigo
Skin infected caused by bacteria. Usually the cause is staphylococcal(staph) but
sometimes streptococcus(strep).
Symptoms of Impetigo
Small blisters that expand and rupture within 24 hrs. Yellow fluid that drains and forms a
honey colored crust
Acne
Genetically inherited disease-excess oil secreted by trhe sebaceous glands. Cells that
clog the pores, trapping oil in the follicle
What causes adult acne?
Primary catalyst a chronic stress, high level of stress throws adrenal glands in over
drive. Setting the stage for acne in 30s and 40s
Common factors that trigger acne
Stress
Overactive Sebaceous Glands
Dead Skin cell accummulation
Bacteria and Inflammation
Comedogenic ingredients
Acne Vulgaris
Common acne- inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands of the skin.
Acne Vulgaris
Consits of red, elevated areas on the skin that may develop into pustules and even
futher into cyst that can cause scarring
Retention Hyperkeratosis
Skin condition that produces more dead skin cells than is normal, skin cells are not
being shed properly. These dead cells sick to the surface of the skin and inside the
follicles, mixing with excess oil and creating a comedo
Microcomedo
first stage of comedo formation; a comedoso small that it can be seen only with a
microscope
Ostium
the opening of a follicle
Non-inflammatory
the impaction is neither red nor inflammed
Open Comedones
non inflammatory acne lesions usually called blackheads
Closed Comedones
, non inflammatory acne lesions usually called whiteheads
Anaerobic Bacteria
Bacteria that does not need oxygen to grow or survive
Non-Inflammatory Acne
Blackheads, Whiteheads
What is microcomedo made up of?
Dead buildup, bacteria and fatty acids from sebum
What is pustule and what is it made up of?
A clump of white blood cells that have formed and risen to the surface of the skin
What is a papule?
A raised area of the skin that is generally smaller than 1 centimeter
What is the difference between a papule and a nodule?
A nodule is a raised lesion that is larger and deeper in the skin than a papule
What is a cyst
Deep infection caused by a deep massive invasion of white blood cells
Grade 1 Acne
mildest acne that's often just a minor pimple that appear occasionally in small numbers
and small bumps that can disapper without being treated
Grade 2 Acne
moderate acne- blackheads and milia can break out in the greater numbers.
Grade 3 Acne
considered severe and is often grade 2 left untreated and madeto worsen by squeezing
the pimples and maintaining the oily dirty face that attracted those bacteria at the onset
Grade 4 Acne
most serious- the condition is medically referred to as nodulocystic, or cystic acne
where the skin displays numerous pustules, papules, pustules with large cysts
Cellulitis
infection of the skin that may affect any part of the body. Usually appears on the lower
legs or face
Cellulitis Symptoms/Signs
Area of skin redness or swelling that gets larger, tight glossy look to the skin, pain or
tenderness, skin rash that happens suddenly and grows quickly,signs of infection
include: fever, chills, and muscle aches
Folliculitis
Inflammation of the hair follicle due to an infection
Herpes Simplex
A viral infection of the skin
Herpes Zoster
Shingles is a painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that
causes chickenpox
Warts
Warts are growths on your skin caused by an infection with human papilloma virus, or
HPV
Molluscum Contagiosum
viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin
Tinea Versicolor
2023 with complete solution
What are Germs?
Microorganisms that cover almost every surface, including the skin of the human body.
What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria?
Pathogenic is disease causing while non-pathogenic is non disease causing.
The 3 basic types of bacteria and their shape
Bacilli-rod
Cocci-round
Spirilla- spiral
1. Antiseptic
weaker form of disinfectant
2. Disinfectant
chemicals that kill a majority of pathogenic microorganisms
3. Sterilization
process of killing ALL microorganisms
What piece of equipment is the only way to truly sterilize utensils using steam,
heat, and pressure?
Autoclave
What implements or materials cannot be used in an autoclave?
glass
Two disinfectants used in esthetics
1. Sodium Hydrochloride(household bleach)
2. Formaldehyde
What is the ratio you can dilute household bleach for a disinfectant?
1:10 with water
4 disposable materials that prevent cross- contamination
1. cotton swabs
2. paper towels
3.Disposable staptulas
4. Gloves
Cleaning and disinfecting process:
Metal tweezers- clean with soap
Suction attachments- use 70% alcohol then soak for 20 min in a disinfectant
Extractors- clean with soap and water then spray with cavaside
Galvanic rollers- spray with alcohol
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
MSDS( Material Safety Data Sheets)
includes how to safely clean up after an accidental spill
3 diseases a client may have that would contraindicate in-office treatments?
pink eye, impetigo, herpes
CDC
Center for Disease Control
,OPIM
Other Potential Infections Material
Universal and Standard Precautions
Treat all body fluids as they were/are contagious
3 types of blood borne diseases
HIV, Hepatitis, Syphilis
Why must an esthetician wear gloves?
Estheticians must wear gloves to perform in-office treatments in order to protect them
from microorganisms
Impetigo
Skin infected caused by bacteria. Usually the cause is staphylococcal(staph) but
sometimes streptococcus(strep).
Symptoms of Impetigo
Small blisters that expand and rupture within 24 hrs. Yellow fluid that drains and forms a
honey colored crust
Acne
Genetically inherited disease-excess oil secreted by trhe sebaceous glands. Cells that
clog the pores, trapping oil in the follicle
What causes adult acne?
Primary catalyst a chronic stress, high level of stress throws adrenal glands in over
drive. Setting the stage for acne in 30s and 40s
Common factors that trigger acne
Stress
Overactive Sebaceous Glands
Dead Skin cell accummulation
Bacteria and Inflammation
Comedogenic ingredients
Acne Vulgaris
Common acne- inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands of the skin.
Acne Vulgaris
Consits of red, elevated areas on the skin that may develop into pustules and even
futher into cyst that can cause scarring
Retention Hyperkeratosis
Skin condition that produces more dead skin cells than is normal, skin cells are not
being shed properly. These dead cells sick to the surface of the skin and inside the
follicles, mixing with excess oil and creating a comedo
Microcomedo
first stage of comedo formation; a comedoso small that it can be seen only with a
microscope
Ostium
the opening of a follicle
Non-inflammatory
the impaction is neither red nor inflammed
Open Comedones
non inflammatory acne lesions usually called blackheads
Closed Comedones
, non inflammatory acne lesions usually called whiteheads
Anaerobic Bacteria
Bacteria that does not need oxygen to grow or survive
Non-Inflammatory Acne
Blackheads, Whiteheads
What is microcomedo made up of?
Dead buildup, bacteria and fatty acids from sebum
What is pustule and what is it made up of?
A clump of white blood cells that have formed and risen to the surface of the skin
What is a papule?
A raised area of the skin that is generally smaller than 1 centimeter
What is the difference between a papule and a nodule?
A nodule is a raised lesion that is larger and deeper in the skin than a papule
What is a cyst
Deep infection caused by a deep massive invasion of white blood cells
Grade 1 Acne
mildest acne that's often just a minor pimple that appear occasionally in small numbers
and small bumps that can disapper without being treated
Grade 2 Acne
moderate acne- blackheads and milia can break out in the greater numbers.
Grade 3 Acne
considered severe and is often grade 2 left untreated and madeto worsen by squeezing
the pimples and maintaining the oily dirty face that attracted those bacteria at the onset
Grade 4 Acne
most serious- the condition is medically referred to as nodulocystic, or cystic acne
where the skin displays numerous pustules, papules, pustules with large cysts
Cellulitis
infection of the skin that may affect any part of the body. Usually appears on the lower
legs or face
Cellulitis Symptoms/Signs
Area of skin redness or swelling that gets larger, tight glossy look to the skin, pain or
tenderness, skin rash that happens suddenly and grows quickly,signs of infection
include: fever, chills, and muscle aches
Folliculitis
Inflammation of the hair follicle due to an infection
Herpes Simplex
A viral infection of the skin
Herpes Zoster
Shingles is a painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that
causes chickenpox
Warts
Warts are growths on your skin caused by an infection with human papilloma virus, or
HPV
Molluscum Contagiosum
viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin
Tinea Versicolor
