BIOLOGY
Topic B1
, C e l l B i o l o g y
Cell : the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms
Living Organisms
...can be divided into
Eukaryotes ...or... Prokaryotes
(Multicellular organisms) (Unicellular organisms)
These organisms are made up of either...
Complex Cells Simple cell
Eukaryotic cells A prokaryotic cell
...or... DNA floating
DNA contained
within a nucleus free in the
cytoplasm
The defining feature?
HAVE A NUCLEUS NO NUCLEUS
examples example
TYPICAL TYPICAL
ANIMAL CELL TYPICAL
PLANT CELL
Nucleus Permanent
large vacuole
BACTERIAL CELL
Mitochondria Ribosomes
Cytoplasm Flagellum
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall
Chloroplast
Ribosomes Cell wall Chromosomal DNA
Cell membrane
Plasmid DNA
Prokaryotic cells are much SMALLER than eukaryotic cells
Subcellular structures
Remember eukaryote/prokaryote
Some sub-cellular structures are describes the organism. Eukaryotic/
common to animal, plant and prokaryotic describes the cell type
bacterial cells. Others can only be
found in plant or bacterial cells
Topic B1
, C e l l B i o l o g y
Cell : the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms
Living Organisms
...can be divided into
Eukaryotes ...or... Prokaryotes
(Multicellular organisms) (Unicellular organisms)
These organisms are made up of either...
Complex Cells Simple cell
Eukaryotic cells A prokaryotic cell
...or... DNA floating
DNA contained
within a nucleus free in the
cytoplasm
The defining feature?
HAVE A NUCLEUS NO NUCLEUS
examples example
TYPICAL TYPICAL
ANIMAL CELL TYPICAL
PLANT CELL
Nucleus Permanent
large vacuole
BACTERIAL CELL
Mitochondria Ribosomes
Cytoplasm Flagellum
Cell membrane Cytoplasm Cell wall
Chloroplast
Ribosomes Cell wall Chromosomal DNA
Cell membrane
Plasmid DNA
Prokaryotic cells are much SMALLER than eukaryotic cells
Subcellular structures
Remember eukaryote/prokaryote
Some sub-cellular structures are describes the organism. Eukaryotic/
common to animal, plant and prokaryotic describes the cell type
bacterial cells. Others can only be
found in plant or bacterial cells
