Pharmacology Exam 1 ATI Chapter Questions

Pharmacology Exam 1 ATI Chapter Questions A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication? AnsA.) One* B.) Two C.) Three D.) Four A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages? (Select all that apply) Ans- A.) Increased renal excretion B.) Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes C.) Liver failure* D.) Peripheral vascular disease E.) Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes* A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) Ans- A.) Have the client lie on her side B.) Ask the client to look at the ceiling* C.) Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eyes D.) Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac* E.) Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation* A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? Ans- A.) "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch" B.) "I will rotate the application sites weekly" C.) "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair"* D.) "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch" A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Ans- A.) Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administrating the next does of medications* B.) Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hours before obtaining a blood specimen C.) Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication D.) Administer the medication, and obtain a blood specimen 30 min later A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in following legal practice guideline? (Select all that apply) Ans- A.) Maintain skill competency* B.) Determine the dosage C.) Monitor for adverse effects* D.) Safeguard medications* E.) Identify the client's diagnosis A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for lisinopril 10 mg PO once every day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescriptions? Ans- A.) Single B.) Stat C.) Routine* D.) Standing A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for ondansetron 4 mg PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has hyperemesis gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the prescription with the provider? Ans- A.) Name B.) Dosage C.) Route D.) Frequency* A nurse is admitting a client and completing a pre-assessment before administering medications. Which of the following data should the nurse include in the pre-assessment? (select all that apply) Ans- A.) Use of herbal teas* B.) Daily fluid intake C.) Current health status* D.) Previous surgical history E.) Food allergies* A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone prescription. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly licensed nurse understands the process? Ans- A.) "A second nurse enters the prescription into the client's medical record" B.) "Another nurse should listen to the phone call"* C.) "The provider can clarify the prescription when he signs the health record" D.) "I should omit the 'read back' if this is one-time prescription" A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of phlebitis? (select all that apply) Ans- A.) Pallor B.) Dampness C.) Erythema* D.) Coolness E.) Pain* A nurse manager is reviewing the facility's policies for IV therapy with the members of his team. The nurse manager should remind the team the which of the following techniques helps minimize the risk of catheter embolism? Ans- A.) Performing hand hygiene before and after IV insertion B.) Rotating IV sites at least every 72 hours C.) Minimizing tourniquet time D.) Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter* A nurse if preparing to initiate IV therapy for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Ans- A.) Use a disposable razor to remove excess hair on the extremity B.) Select the back of the client's hand to insert the IV catheter C.) Distend the veins by using a blood pressure cuff* D.) Direct the client to raise his arm above his heart A nurse assessing a client's IV catheter insertion site notes a hematoma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (select all that apply) Ans- A.) Stop the infusion B.) Apply alcohol to the insertion site C.) Apply warm compresses to the insertion site* D.) Elevate the client's arm* E.) Obtain a specimen for culture at the insertion site A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potential contradiction to a medication for which of the following clients? (select all that apply) Ans- A.) A client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an influenza immunization B.) A client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection* C.) A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking hydrocondone* D.) A client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate, and tells the nurse she has taking OTC aluminum hydroxide E.) A client who has prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and reports a suspected pregnancy* A nurse is preparing to administer an IM does of penicillin to a client who has a new prescription. The client states she took penicillin 3 years ago and developed a rash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Ans- A.) Administer the prescribed dose B.) Withhold the medication* C.) Ask the provider to change the prescription to an oral form D.) Administer an oral antihistamine at the same time A nurse is proving discharge instructions for a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensive medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse give? Ans- A.) "Be sure to limit your potassium intake while taking the medication" B.) "You should check your blood pressure every 8 hours while taking this medication" C.) Your medication dosage will be increased if you developed tachycardia" D.) "Change positions slowly when you move from sitting to standing"* A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experiences permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medication affected which of the following systems in the client? Ans- A.) Cardiovascular B.) Immune C.) Central nervous* D.) Gastrointestinal A nurse is caring for a client who is taking oral oxycodone. The client states he is also taking ibuprofen in three recommended doses daily. The nurse should identify that an interaction between these two medications will cause which of the following? Ans- A.) A decrease in serum levels of ibuprofen, possibly leading to need for increased doses of this medication B.) A decrease in serum levels of oxycodone, possibly leading to a need in increased doses of this medication C.) An increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications D.) An increase in expected adverse effects for both medications A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when administering medications to this client? (select all that apply) Ans- A.) Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time B.) Infants have immature liver functions* C.) Infants' blood-brain barrier is poorly dev