NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
The Ovum is viable for how many
hours? 24hrs in fallopian tube
When is the embryo most vulnerable?
During embryonic period (3-8wks) can lead to major structural
abnormalities The fetus responds to startling sounds during what
week?
week 24-28, lungs also fill with
amniotic fluid What are the functions
of the amniotic fluid?
cushions fetus, temperature control, growth, prevents amniotic band syndrome, prevents
umbilical cord compression
What are the functions of the placenta
Endocrine gland - (hCG - prevent corpus luteum breakdown and make more E/P), Estrogen,
Progestogen
Metabolic and respiratory exchange with mom
Immune system - protects from pathogens, prevent rejection, can let
through viruses how is oxygen exchange from mom to baby modulated?
modulated by chorionic villi, released in the intervillus
space Identify the 3 shunts of the fetal heart and their
purposes.
1st shunt - ductus venosus (bypasses liver, umbilical vient to the IVC)
2nd shunt - foramen ovale (bypasses lungs, R atrium to the L atrium)
3rd shunt - ductus arteriosus(bypasses L side of heart, connects pulmonary
artery to aorta) What are reasons for folic acid and what amount?
Decrease risk for neural tube defects, .4mg
daily What are foods high in folic acid?
,NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
leafy greens/veggies, beans,
avocados, citrus What is the
recommended birth spacing?
conception should occur no less than 18 months after birth
of last baby What is GTPAL
G- gravida- pregnancies
T - term - of deliveries at term
37wks P - preterm - of
deliveries (live or dead)
Abortions - of spontaneous or elective - before
20wks L - living
Nageles Rule
1st day of last period
subtract 3 mo. + 7
days +1yrs
What are positive signs of pregnancy?
visualization via ultrasound at 5-
6wks fetal heart tones at 6wks
fetal movement via palpitation at 19-
22wks What are the reasons for
prenatal care?
preventative health care, education on timing and
expectations What are some psychological factors to
consider during pregancy?
abuse, non compliance and cultural norms link between emotional distress and birth
complications What are some considerations regarding pregnant women and
infections?
high risk group for food borne illnessess immunocompromised
What is the expected weight gain for normal person and obese person during
during pregnancy? Normal weight gain 0 25-35
Obese weight gain - BMI>30 11-20lb
,NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
What are the prenatal exercise recommendations for expecting mother?
30 ins of aerobic exercise 3x a week, no HR over 140, no scuba
or marathons Which vaccines are contraindicated to expecting
mothers.
life vacines such MMR, Flu and TDAP are OK
, NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
What are considerations for medications with expecting
mothers? some OTC meds can be harmful
What are Prenatal danger signs?
any amount of blood
contractions indicating preterm
labor ROM
temp >101
painful
urination
persistent vomiting greater than a
day change or absent fetal
movement
s/s of preeclampsia
What is the purpose of prolactin?
produced by the ant. pituitary prepares breast for lactation
released in response to suckling, stimulates milk when breast is
emptied what hormonse is responsible for milk ejection and
uterine stimulation
oxytocin
uterine stim - blocked by progesterone for most of pregnancy
until delivery What is the etiology of Leukorrhea
estrogen stimulation of the cervix, possibly during any trimester, reports of burning, odor,
itch, weight color
A patient in her 3rd trimester is lying in bed with decreased systolic BP and drop in HR,
what is she suffering from and how do you fix it?
supine hypotensive syndrome - etiology: weight of belly compresses IVC limiting blood
return to heart turn her left lateral position
What is the etiology of epistaxis and congestion during
pregnancy? Increased capillary engorgement due to
estrogen
Iron supplements, compression, and delayed gastric motility can cause what
during pregnancy? constipation
GERD also known as _______
The Ovum is viable for how many
hours? 24hrs in fallopian tube
When is the embryo most vulnerable?
During embryonic period (3-8wks) can lead to major structural
abnormalities The fetus responds to startling sounds during what
week?
week 24-28, lungs also fill with
amniotic fluid What are the functions
of the amniotic fluid?
cushions fetus, temperature control, growth, prevents amniotic band syndrome, prevents
umbilical cord compression
What are the functions of the placenta
Endocrine gland - (hCG - prevent corpus luteum breakdown and make more E/P), Estrogen,
Progestogen
Metabolic and respiratory exchange with mom
Immune system - protects from pathogens, prevent rejection, can let
through viruses how is oxygen exchange from mom to baby modulated?
modulated by chorionic villi, released in the intervillus
space Identify the 3 shunts of the fetal heart and their
purposes.
1st shunt - ductus venosus (bypasses liver, umbilical vient to the IVC)
2nd shunt - foramen ovale (bypasses lungs, R atrium to the L atrium)
3rd shunt - ductus arteriosus(bypasses L side of heart, connects pulmonary
artery to aorta) What are reasons for folic acid and what amount?
Decrease risk for neural tube defects, .4mg
daily What are foods high in folic acid?
,NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
leafy greens/veggies, beans,
avocados, citrus What is the
recommended birth spacing?
conception should occur no less than 18 months after birth
of last baby What is GTPAL
G- gravida- pregnancies
T - term - of deliveries at term
37wks P - preterm - of
deliveries (live or dead)
Abortions - of spontaneous or elective - before
20wks L - living
Nageles Rule
1st day of last period
subtract 3 mo. + 7
days +1yrs
What are positive signs of pregnancy?
visualization via ultrasound at 5-
6wks fetal heart tones at 6wks
fetal movement via palpitation at 19-
22wks What are the reasons for
prenatal care?
preventative health care, education on timing and
expectations What are some psychological factors to
consider during pregancy?
abuse, non compliance and cultural norms link between emotional distress and birth
complications What are some considerations regarding pregnant women and
infections?
high risk group for food borne illnessess immunocompromised
What is the expected weight gain for normal person and obese person during
during pregnancy? Normal weight gain 0 25-35
Obese weight gain - BMI>30 11-20lb
,NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
What are the prenatal exercise recommendations for expecting mother?
30 ins of aerobic exercise 3x a week, no HR over 140, no scuba
or marathons Which vaccines are contraindicated to expecting
mothers.
life vacines such MMR, Flu and TDAP are OK
, NR 341 CMS/SMS/WHMS Final Exam (1-4) Complete test
What are considerations for medications with expecting
mothers? some OTC meds can be harmful
What are Prenatal danger signs?
any amount of blood
contractions indicating preterm
labor ROM
temp >101
painful
urination
persistent vomiting greater than a
day change or absent fetal
movement
s/s of preeclampsia
What is the purpose of prolactin?
produced by the ant. pituitary prepares breast for lactation
released in response to suckling, stimulates milk when breast is
emptied what hormonse is responsible for milk ejection and
uterine stimulation
oxytocin
uterine stim - blocked by progesterone for most of pregnancy
until delivery What is the etiology of Leukorrhea
estrogen stimulation of the cervix, possibly during any trimester, reports of burning, odor,
itch, weight color
A patient in her 3rd trimester is lying in bed with decreased systolic BP and drop in HR,
what is she suffering from and how do you fix it?
supine hypotensive syndrome - etiology: weight of belly compresses IVC limiting blood
return to heart turn her left lateral position
What is the etiology of epistaxis and congestion during
pregnancy? Increased capillary engorgement due to
estrogen
Iron supplements, compression, and delayed gastric motility can cause what
during pregnancy? constipation
GERD also known as _______
