QUEST REVIEW CENTER
1550 Espana Blvd. Cor. Lacson Ave., Sampaloc, Manila
SOCIOLOGY OF CRIMES, ETHICS AND HUMAN RELATIONS
CRIM. 4: JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND CRIME PREVENTION
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
- an anti-social behavior or act which does not conform with the standards of society
- youth behavior which is against the norms and regulations of society which if left unchecked
would give rise to criminality
- describes a large number of disapproved behavior of children or youth
- anti-social acts or behavior of children which deviate from the normal pattern of rules and
regulations, custom and culture which society does not accept and which therefore justify
some kind of admonition, punishment or corrective measures in the public interest
JUVENILE
- a child or a young person, who, under the legal system may be dealt with for an offense in a
manner different from that of an adult
- persons below the age of majority, that is, below eighteen years old
AGE OF MAJORITY
- majority commences at the age of eighteen (18) years
EMANCIPATION
- freedom from parental authority, both over his person and property
- happens upon reaching the age of eighteen years
RA 6809
- the law amending the age of majority
- lowered the age of majority from twenty-one (21) to eighteen (18) years
- approved on 13 December 1989
DELINQUENT
- one whose behavior has brought him into repeated conflict with the law regardless whether
he has been taken before a court and adjudged a delinquent
- one who has committed an offense that violated the approved norms of conduct and is guilty
of a misdeed
STATUS OFFENSE
- certain acts or omissions which may not be punishable socially or legally if committed by
adults but become anti-social or illegal because the offender is a minor, such as:
a) truancy, or frequent, unreasonable absenteeism from school
b) use of profane language
c) running away from home
d) smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages
e) disobedience to parents, guardians or school officials
f) mendicancy or begging in the streets
g) association with delinquent gangs
ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
- characterized by disobedience to, or disrespect for, authorities
PARENS PATRIAE (“father of the country”)
- the doctrine that does not consider delinquent acts as criminal violation, thus making
delinquents non-criminal persons and cannot be found guilty of a crime and punished like an
adult criminal
- views minor who violate the laws as victims of improper care, custody and treatment at home
- assumption by the State of the role of guardian over children whose parents are deemed
incapable or unworthy
- the authority of the state to act on behalf of the children
THREE TYPES OF DELIQUENCY
, - characterized by serious emotional disturbances within the individual and in some cases
associated with tendencies towards mental illness
TYPES OF DELINQUENT YOUTH
1) SOCIAL
- an aggressive youth who resents authority of anyone who makes an effort to control his
behavior
2) NEUROTIC
- one who has internalized his conflicts and is preoccupied with his own feelings
3) ASOCIAL
- one whose delinquent acts have a cold, brutal and vicious quality for which the youth feels no
remorse
4) ACCIDENTAL
- one who is essentially sociable and law-abiding but happens to be at the wrong time and
place and becomes involved in delinquent acts not typical of his general behavior
DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY
1) BIOGENIC APPROACH
- gives an explanation that law violations and delinquency are a result of some physical defects
2) PSYCHOGENIC APPROACH
- argues that the critical factors in delinquency are personality problems to which misbehavior
is presumed to be the response
3) SOCIOGENIC APPROACH
- attributes delinquency pattern to social structures
- views youthful misdeed as a result of a learning process through interactions with other
members of society
DIFFERENT THEORIES CONCERNING DELINQUENCY
CHOICE THEORY
- based on the classical school of criminology that views an individual as having free will in
choosing his actions and that he calculates what he will gain or lose if he commits an act
- views the delinquent as a motivated offender who breaks the law because he or she
perceives an abundance of benefits and an absence of threat
BIOSOCIAL OR TRAIT THEORIES
- based on the view that both thought and behavior have biological and social bases
- contemporary explanation of the biogenic approach
- has three sub-theories: biochemical, neurological and genetics
1) BIOCHEMICAL
- views that crime and delinquency, especially violence, are the result of diet, vitamin intake,
hormonal imbalance and other biological causes
2) NEUROLOGICAL
- explains that crime and delinquency occur because the individual suffers from brain
impairment or abnormality in the structure of the brain
- learning disabilities such as attention deficit/hyperactive disorder and minimum brain
dysfunction are related to antisocial behavior
3) GENETIC
- explains that delinquent traits and predisposition to criminality are inherited from parents
- criminality of parents can predict delinquency of children
- supported by research on twin studies and adoption studies
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
- views delinquency as a result of emotional and mental disturbance of the individual
- contemporary explanation of the psychogenic approach
- has three sub-theories: psychodynamic, behavioral and cognitive
1550 Espana Blvd. Cor. Lacson Ave., Sampaloc, Manila
SOCIOLOGY OF CRIMES, ETHICS AND HUMAN RELATIONS
CRIM. 4: JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND CRIME PREVENTION
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
- an anti-social behavior or act which does not conform with the standards of society
- youth behavior which is against the norms and regulations of society which if left unchecked
would give rise to criminality
- describes a large number of disapproved behavior of children or youth
- anti-social acts or behavior of children which deviate from the normal pattern of rules and
regulations, custom and culture which society does not accept and which therefore justify
some kind of admonition, punishment or corrective measures in the public interest
JUVENILE
- a child or a young person, who, under the legal system may be dealt with for an offense in a
manner different from that of an adult
- persons below the age of majority, that is, below eighteen years old
AGE OF MAJORITY
- majority commences at the age of eighteen (18) years
EMANCIPATION
- freedom from parental authority, both over his person and property
- happens upon reaching the age of eighteen years
RA 6809
- the law amending the age of majority
- lowered the age of majority from twenty-one (21) to eighteen (18) years
- approved on 13 December 1989
DELINQUENT
- one whose behavior has brought him into repeated conflict with the law regardless whether
he has been taken before a court and adjudged a delinquent
- one who has committed an offense that violated the approved norms of conduct and is guilty
of a misdeed
STATUS OFFENSE
- certain acts or omissions which may not be punishable socially or legally if committed by
adults but become anti-social or illegal because the offender is a minor, such as:
a) truancy, or frequent, unreasonable absenteeism from school
b) use of profane language
c) running away from home
d) smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages
e) disobedience to parents, guardians or school officials
f) mendicancy or begging in the streets
g) association with delinquent gangs
ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
- characterized by disobedience to, or disrespect for, authorities
PARENS PATRIAE (“father of the country”)
- the doctrine that does not consider delinquent acts as criminal violation, thus making
delinquents non-criminal persons and cannot be found guilty of a crime and punished like an
adult criminal
- views minor who violate the laws as victims of improper care, custody and treatment at home
- assumption by the State of the role of guardian over children whose parents are deemed
incapable or unworthy
- the authority of the state to act on behalf of the children
THREE TYPES OF DELIQUENCY
, - characterized by serious emotional disturbances within the individual and in some cases
associated with tendencies towards mental illness
TYPES OF DELINQUENT YOUTH
1) SOCIAL
- an aggressive youth who resents authority of anyone who makes an effort to control his
behavior
2) NEUROTIC
- one who has internalized his conflicts and is preoccupied with his own feelings
3) ASOCIAL
- one whose delinquent acts have a cold, brutal and vicious quality for which the youth feels no
remorse
4) ACCIDENTAL
- one who is essentially sociable and law-abiding but happens to be at the wrong time and
place and becomes involved in delinquent acts not typical of his general behavior
DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF DELINQUENCY
1) BIOGENIC APPROACH
- gives an explanation that law violations and delinquency are a result of some physical defects
2) PSYCHOGENIC APPROACH
- argues that the critical factors in delinquency are personality problems to which misbehavior
is presumed to be the response
3) SOCIOGENIC APPROACH
- attributes delinquency pattern to social structures
- views youthful misdeed as a result of a learning process through interactions with other
members of society
DIFFERENT THEORIES CONCERNING DELINQUENCY
CHOICE THEORY
- based on the classical school of criminology that views an individual as having free will in
choosing his actions and that he calculates what he will gain or lose if he commits an act
- views the delinquent as a motivated offender who breaks the law because he or she
perceives an abundance of benefits and an absence of threat
BIOSOCIAL OR TRAIT THEORIES
- based on the view that both thought and behavior have biological and social bases
- contemporary explanation of the biogenic approach
- has three sub-theories: biochemical, neurological and genetics
1) BIOCHEMICAL
- views that crime and delinquency, especially violence, are the result of diet, vitamin intake,
hormonal imbalance and other biological causes
2) NEUROLOGICAL
- explains that crime and delinquency occur because the individual suffers from brain
impairment or abnormality in the structure of the brain
- learning disabilities such as attention deficit/hyperactive disorder and minimum brain
dysfunction are related to antisocial behavior
3) GENETIC
- explains that delinquent traits and predisposition to criminality are inherited from parents
- criminality of parents can predict delinquency of children
- supported by research on twin studies and adoption studies
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
- views delinquency as a result of emotional and mental disturbance of the individual
- contemporary explanation of the psychogenic approach
- has three sub-theories: psychodynamic, behavioral and cognitive
