Chapter 2: Biological Foundations of Behavior
1. What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
a. Glial cell b. Neuron c. Dendrite
Answer: b. Neuron
Explanation: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. They are
specialized cells that transmit information throughout the body.
2. What is the function of dendrites?
a. To receive information from other neurons
b. To transmit information to other neurons
c. To release neurotransmitters
Answer: a. To receive information from other neurons
Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like extensions of a neuron that
receive information from other neurons.
3. What is the function of axons?
a. To receive information from other neurons
b. To transmit information to other neurons
c. To release neurotransmitters
Answer: b. To transmit information to other neurons
Explanation: Axons are the long, thin extensions of a neuron that transmit
information to other neurons.
4. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
a. Central and peripheral nervous system
b. Autonomic and somatic nervous system
c. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Answer: a. Central and peripheral nervous system
Explanation: The nervous system is divided into two main divisions: the
central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the
, peripheral nervous system, which includes the nerves that extend from the
brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
5. What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
a. To control involuntary functions such as heart rate and breathing
b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
c. To control the fight-or-flight response
Answer: b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
Explanation: The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling
voluntary movements such as walking and talking.
6. What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
a. To control involuntary functions such as heart rate and breathing
b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
c. To prepare the body for the fight-or-flight response
Answer: c. To prepare the body for the fight-or-flight response
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the
fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood
pressure.
7. What is the function of the cerebellum?
a. To control basic bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate
b. To regulate emotions and motivation
c. To coordinate movement and balance
Answer: c. To coordinate movement and balance
Explanation: The cerebellum is a structure located at the base of the brain
that is responsible for coordinating movement and balance.
8. What is the function of the hippocampus?
a. To regulate emotions and motivation
b. To process and store memories
c. To control basic bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate
Answer: b. To process and store memories
1. What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
a. Glial cell b. Neuron c. Dendrite
Answer: b. Neuron
Explanation: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. They are
specialized cells that transmit information throughout the body.
2. What is the function of dendrites?
a. To receive information from other neurons
b. To transmit information to other neurons
c. To release neurotransmitters
Answer: a. To receive information from other neurons
Explanation: Dendrites are the branch-like extensions of a neuron that
receive information from other neurons.
3. What is the function of axons?
a. To receive information from other neurons
b. To transmit information to other neurons
c. To release neurotransmitters
Answer: b. To transmit information to other neurons
Explanation: Axons are the long, thin extensions of a neuron that transmit
information to other neurons.
4. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
a. Central and peripheral nervous system
b. Autonomic and somatic nervous system
c. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Answer: a. Central and peripheral nervous system
Explanation: The nervous system is divided into two main divisions: the
central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the
, peripheral nervous system, which includes the nerves that extend from the
brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
5. What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
a. To control involuntary functions such as heart rate and breathing
b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
c. To control the fight-or-flight response
Answer: b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
Explanation: The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling
voluntary movements such as walking and talking.
6. What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
a. To control involuntary functions such as heart rate and breathing
b. To control voluntary movements such as walking and talking
c. To prepare the body for the fight-or-flight response
Answer: c. To prepare the body for the fight-or-flight response
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the
fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood
pressure.
7. What is the function of the cerebellum?
a. To control basic bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate
b. To regulate emotions and motivation
c. To coordinate movement and balance
Answer: c. To coordinate movement and balance
Explanation: The cerebellum is a structure located at the base of the brain
that is responsible for coordinating movement and balance.
8. What is the function of the hippocampus?
a. To regulate emotions and motivation
b. To process and store memories
c. To control basic bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate
Answer: b. To process and store memories
