SLE NCLEX Practice Questions Latest Version 2022//2023.

The nurse is preparing a presentation on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which statement should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) The etiology is known to be linked to environmental factors. Manifestations can be mild to fatal, with remissions and exacerbations. The immune complex deposits trigger an inflammatory response. SLE is a result of deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in connective tissues. The inflammatory response leads to anaphylactic shock.: Manifestations can be mild to fatal, with remissions and exacerbations. The immune complex deposits trigger an inflammatory response. SLE is a result of deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in connective tissues. The pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus is a result of the formation of antigen-antibody immunocomplexes that are deposited in the connective tissue and trigger an inflammatory response. The manifestations of the disease can be mild to fatal, and remissions are followed by exacerbations. The inflammatory response leads to tissue damage but not anaphylactic shock (allergic reaction). Although the exact etiology of SLE is unknown, genetic, ethnic, environmental, and hormonal factors play a role in its development. 2 / 11 2. The nurse is assessing a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe? (Select allthat apply.) Red butterfly rash on the face Alopecia Psoriatic lesions Painful or swollen joints 3 / 11 Leg and eye edema: Red butterfly rash on the face Alopecia Painful or swollen joints Leg and eye edema 3. The nurse is assessing a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Which manifestation should the nurse recognize as a result of inflammation?(Select all that apply.) Cough Malaise Maculopapular rash Joint pain Fever: Malaise Maculopapular rash Joint pain Fever In SLE, the immunocomplexes that are deposited in the connective tissue trigger an inflammatory response. Joint pain, fever, malaise, and maculopapular rash a all signs of the inflammation that result from local tissue damage. A cough is a sign of infection, not of inflammation resulting from tissue damage. 4. A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is experiencing pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Which classification of lupus should the nurse suspect? Systemic Drug-induced 4 / 11 Discoid Cutaneous: Systemic The classification of lupus the client is experiencing is systemic. There are three major classifications of SLE: discoid or cutaneous, systemic, and drug-induceSystemic lupus involves one or more of these systems: cardiovascular, central nervous, hematologic, kidneys, lungs, and musculoskeletal. Cutaneous or discoid lupus is limited to the skin. Many drugs can cause a syndrome that mimics lupus (drug-induced lupus). 5. The nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which system should the nurse consider as being most affected by the formation of immune complexes and tissue damage? Cardiac Integumentary Respiratory Renal: Renal When the SLE autoantibodies react with their corresponding antigen, they form immune complexes, which are then deposited in the connective tissue of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and other tissues.These deposits trigger an inflammatory response that leads to local tissue damage.The kidneys are a frequent site of complex deposition and damage. The other systems include cardiac, respiratory, and integumentary. 6. The laboratory results of a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) indicates anemia. Which collaborative therapy should the nurse anticipate? Performing a splenectomy Treating the underlying cause Administering corticosteroids Administering erythropoietin: Administering erythropoietin 5 / 11 For the client with anemia, medications such as erythropoietin may be given to stimulate red blood cell production. A splenectomy and the administration of corticosteroids are clinical therapies to treat thrombocytopenia. The underlying cause of the anemia is SLE. The disease cannot be cured, but the symptoms can be managed. 7. A client with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) anxiously states, "My chest hurts when I lie down. I think it is from coughing so much. Please sit me up." Which condition should the nurse first suspect? Thrombocytopenia Pericarditis Myocardial infarction Anemia: Pericarditis A client diagnosed with SLE is at risk for pericarditis. Clinical manifestations of pericarditis include chest pain radiating to the back, relieved by sitting forward and worsening when lying down, and a dry cough. Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings pericarditis are an ST elevation and PR depression. Although clients with SLE are prone to thrombocytopenia and anemia, the clinical presentation is not consistent with these conditions. While a myocardial infarction should be considered, the symptoms combined with the client's history should first lead the nurse to suspect pericarditis. 8. The nurse is caring for a pregnant client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which neonatal complication related to maternal lupus should the nurse anticipate the fetus to be tested for during the second trimester of pregnancy? Renal anomalies Congenital heart block (CHB) Anemia Liver involvement: Congenital heart block (CHB) Congenital heart block (CHB) may occur in the fetus of a mother diagnosed with 6 / 11 SLE. Fetal echocardiography may be used to assess for CHB in the second trimester of pregnancy. The prognosis for CHB varies, depending on when the congenital heart defect is detected. With treatment, early CHB may be reversible. However, late CHB could require the insertion of a pacemaker at the time of delivery. Fetal anemia, renal anomalies, and liver involvement are not tested for in the second trimester of pregnancy. 9. An older adult client is experiencing an acute episode of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which primary concern should the nurse consider when administering newly prescribed medications? Renal function Cardiovascular function Respiratory function Neurological function: Renal function Treatment for the older adult client is the same regardless of the age at onset of the disease. In addition to taking into consideration that older adults may be taking multiple medications, these individuals may have decreased renal function. Pharmacokinetics and drug-to-drug interactions need to be considered prior to the initiation of medications commonly used to treat SLE. Respiratory, neurological, and cardiovascular function are important, but the renal system remains a primary concern. 10. The nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which information should the nurse include in the client's teaching? Using high-dose birth control pills Using only acetaminophen for pain relief Avoiding large crowds Increasing daily sun exposure: Avoiding large crowds The client should be advised to avoid large crowds to decrease exposure to infection. Instruct the client to limit sun exposure and to use sunscreen with an SPF 7 / 11 rating of 15 or higher when outdoors. The client should take aspirin or ibuprofen for pain, but should monitor for side effects of bleeding. The client should be encouraged to use contraception to prevent pregnancy, because the prescribed drugs for treatment may increase the risk for birth defects