Movement Science Final Exam 2023 Actual Questions and
Answers Verified
Extensibility of soft tissues that cross joints necessary for unrestricted, pain-free
movements through functional ROM
Flexibility
Ability of muscle/tendon to relax or deform & yield to stretch/lengthening force
Extensibility
Any therapeutic maneuver designed to increase mobility of soft tissues and
subsequently improve ROM by elongating structures that have adaptively
shortened and have become hypo-mobile over time
Stretching
Decreased mobility
Hypomobility
Adaptive shortening of a muscle tendon unit
Contracture
Taking a stretch beyond the normal length of a muscle
Overstretching
Excessive mobility
Hypermobility
Excessive movement without the protective muscular control
Instability
The ability of soft tissue to return to its resting length after passive stretch
Elasticity
The tendency of soft tissue to assume a new and greater length after the stretch
force has been removed
Plasticity
Soft tissues that do not achieve the expected length with attempts to elongate it
Stiffness
Myostatic muscle contracture
adaptive shortening (ex. iliopsoas, soles, pec minor)
Pseudomyostatic muscle contracture
hypertonicity or spasticity (ex. HS in pt. w/ CP)
Fibrotic muscle contracture
adhesions & scar tissue
What muscles are shortened with a flexion contracture?
flexors
What is non contractile tissue composed of?
collagen, elastin, reticulin, & ground substance
Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Perimysium
Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle
Epimysium
surrounds entire muscle
, The force from an external load
Stress
Amount of defamation or lengthening that occurs when a load is applied
Strain
When stress is placed on tissue, the wavy pattern of collagen fibers straighten
Toe Region
Recoverable defamation w/ additional forces
Elastic Region
The point which the tissue does not return to its original shape & size
Elastic Limit
Region where failure or rupture of fibers occur resulting in new length
Plastic Range
The greatest load the tissue can sustain
Ultimate Strength
Permanent elongation of the tissue with a constant load over time w/ amount of
defamation depending on the force of the load & the rate at which the force is
applied
Creep
Contractile elements
myofibril, sarcomere, myofilaments (actin & myosin)
Reciprocal inhibition
Muscle spindle is stress too quickly/intensely causing the muscle to contract also known
as stretch reflex
Autogenic Inhibition
-GTO is activated by force on muscle tendon
-Relaxation of agonist muscle and Contraction of antagonist
-Seen during static stretching (i.e. low-force, long- duration stretch)
Determinants of stretching
alignment
stabilization
intensity
frequency
duration
speed
mode
Period of time the shortened tissue is held in a lengthened position
duration of stretch
4 types of duration of stretch
stretch cycle, elongation time
static
static progressive
cyclic
Length of time that the elongated position is maintained during a single
application
stretch cycle
Answers Verified
Extensibility of soft tissues that cross joints necessary for unrestricted, pain-free
movements through functional ROM
Flexibility
Ability of muscle/tendon to relax or deform & yield to stretch/lengthening force
Extensibility
Any therapeutic maneuver designed to increase mobility of soft tissues and
subsequently improve ROM by elongating structures that have adaptively
shortened and have become hypo-mobile over time
Stretching
Decreased mobility
Hypomobility
Adaptive shortening of a muscle tendon unit
Contracture
Taking a stretch beyond the normal length of a muscle
Overstretching
Excessive mobility
Hypermobility
Excessive movement without the protective muscular control
Instability
The ability of soft tissue to return to its resting length after passive stretch
Elasticity
The tendency of soft tissue to assume a new and greater length after the stretch
force has been removed
Plasticity
Soft tissues that do not achieve the expected length with attempts to elongate it
Stiffness
Myostatic muscle contracture
adaptive shortening (ex. iliopsoas, soles, pec minor)
Pseudomyostatic muscle contracture
hypertonicity or spasticity (ex. HS in pt. w/ CP)
Fibrotic muscle contracture
adhesions & scar tissue
What muscles are shortened with a flexion contracture?
flexors
What is non contractile tissue composed of?
collagen, elastin, reticulin, & ground substance
Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Perimysium
Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle
Epimysium
surrounds entire muscle
, The force from an external load
Stress
Amount of defamation or lengthening that occurs when a load is applied
Strain
When stress is placed on tissue, the wavy pattern of collagen fibers straighten
Toe Region
Recoverable defamation w/ additional forces
Elastic Region
The point which the tissue does not return to its original shape & size
Elastic Limit
Region where failure or rupture of fibers occur resulting in new length
Plastic Range
The greatest load the tissue can sustain
Ultimate Strength
Permanent elongation of the tissue with a constant load over time w/ amount of
defamation depending on the force of the load & the rate at which the force is
applied
Creep
Contractile elements
myofibril, sarcomere, myofilaments (actin & myosin)
Reciprocal inhibition
Muscle spindle is stress too quickly/intensely causing the muscle to contract also known
as stretch reflex
Autogenic Inhibition
-GTO is activated by force on muscle tendon
-Relaxation of agonist muscle and Contraction of antagonist
-Seen during static stretching (i.e. low-force, long- duration stretch)
Determinants of stretching
alignment
stabilization
intensity
frequency
duration
speed
mode
Period of time the shortened tissue is held in a lengthened position
duration of stretch
4 types of duration of stretch
stretch cycle, elongation time
static
static progressive
cyclic
Length of time that the elongated position is maintained during a single
application
stretch cycle
