ADJ 236 Final Exam 2023 Questions and Answers with
complete solution
The four major categories of death are natural, accidental, suicide, and _____.
homicide
Homicide victims can be identified in a number of ways. Which method would be
most effective in identifying victims from a cold case (similar to those in the
Dozier investigation)?
DNA analysis
Blood that no longer circulates and pools in the body causing dark blue or purple
discoloration indicates _____.
lividity
One method of estimating the time of death is to examine the stiffening of
muscles. This stiffening is called _____ and can begin to appear several hours
after death.
rigor mortis
The cause and manner of death is determined by the _____.
medical examiner
The most severe statutory crime is _____, which is the killing of another human
being with malice aforethought.
murder
One method of estimating the time of death is to examine the stiffening of
muscles. This stiffening is called _____ and can begin to appear several hours
after death.
rigor mortis
Elder abuse consists of the _____acts by a caregiver or 'trusted' individual that
lead to, or may lead to, _____of a vulnerable elder.
intentional or neglectful; harm
What are the two categories of elderly financial abuse crimes?
fraud committed by strangers and exploitation by relatives and caregivers
What is the current consensus on the extent of elder abuse?
It is unknown.
Abuse indicators are also known as _____.
forensic markers
The greatest contributor to mistreatment of an elder results from _____.
social isolation
Assault is often associated with what other type of crime?
battery
In 2013, FBI data estimated that one aggravated assault happened every _____
seconds.
43.5
Intentionally causing another person to fear immediate bodily harm or death or
intentionally inflicting or attempting to inflict bodily harm is known as _____.
simple assault
What is one of the elements of aggravated assault?
, a high probability of death
The first antistalking laws were passed in 1990 in _____.
California
A couple has an extremely volatile and emotional argument after one spouse
discovers the other is committing adultery. During the "heat of passion," one
spouse kills the other. This crime is best described as _____.
voluntary manslaughter
Domestic violence is commonly thought of as a three-phase cycle. What is the
correct order of stages in this cycle?
tension-building stage, acute battering stage, honeymoon stage
Why is cyberstalking on the rise?
There is a perception of anonymity.
How has the conventional wisdom about homicide changed in some
departments?
While homicide used to be viewed as a series of unconnected, uncontrollable episodes,
it is now seen as part of the larger, general problem of violence.
After death occurs, the body tends to assume the temperature of its environment.
This postmortem cooling process of the body is extremely helpful in homicides.
Which term best describes this process?
algor mortis
"A willful or intentional commission of a series of acts that would cause a
reasonable person to fear death or serious bodily injury and that, in fact, does
place the victim in fear of death or serious bodily injury" is known as _____.
stalking
Which charge involves premeditation or intent in murder cases?
first-degree murder
In certain situations, elements beyond law enforcement's control prevent the
agency from arresting and formally charging the offender. When this occurs, the
agency can clear the offenses _____.
exceptionally
Aggravated or felonious assault is an unlawful attack by one person on another
_____.
to inflict severe bodily injury
Premeditation is _____.
consideration, planning or preparing for an act, no matter how briefly, before committing
it
Perhaps the most well-known domestic violence case, where the police
department was ordered to pay almost $1 million because they failed to protect
the victim from her abusive husband, even while she was being beaten by him
with an officer present, is the _____.
Tracy Thurman case
When a firearm is in close proximity to the body—fired from 18 inches away or
less—the resulting marks on the body or clothing are referred to as _____.
tattooing
Which term literally translates to "stiffness of death" and refers to the stiffening
of joints of the entire body after death due to partial skeletal muscle contraction?
complete solution
The four major categories of death are natural, accidental, suicide, and _____.
homicide
Homicide victims can be identified in a number of ways. Which method would be
most effective in identifying victims from a cold case (similar to those in the
Dozier investigation)?
DNA analysis
Blood that no longer circulates and pools in the body causing dark blue or purple
discoloration indicates _____.
lividity
One method of estimating the time of death is to examine the stiffening of
muscles. This stiffening is called _____ and can begin to appear several hours
after death.
rigor mortis
The cause and manner of death is determined by the _____.
medical examiner
The most severe statutory crime is _____, which is the killing of another human
being with malice aforethought.
murder
One method of estimating the time of death is to examine the stiffening of
muscles. This stiffening is called _____ and can begin to appear several hours
after death.
rigor mortis
Elder abuse consists of the _____acts by a caregiver or 'trusted' individual that
lead to, or may lead to, _____of a vulnerable elder.
intentional or neglectful; harm
What are the two categories of elderly financial abuse crimes?
fraud committed by strangers and exploitation by relatives and caregivers
What is the current consensus on the extent of elder abuse?
It is unknown.
Abuse indicators are also known as _____.
forensic markers
The greatest contributor to mistreatment of an elder results from _____.
social isolation
Assault is often associated with what other type of crime?
battery
In 2013, FBI data estimated that one aggravated assault happened every _____
seconds.
43.5
Intentionally causing another person to fear immediate bodily harm or death or
intentionally inflicting or attempting to inflict bodily harm is known as _____.
simple assault
What is one of the elements of aggravated assault?
, a high probability of death
The first antistalking laws were passed in 1990 in _____.
California
A couple has an extremely volatile and emotional argument after one spouse
discovers the other is committing adultery. During the "heat of passion," one
spouse kills the other. This crime is best described as _____.
voluntary manslaughter
Domestic violence is commonly thought of as a three-phase cycle. What is the
correct order of stages in this cycle?
tension-building stage, acute battering stage, honeymoon stage
Why is cyberstalking on the rise?
There is a perception of anonymity.
How has the conventional wisdom about homicide changed in some
departments?
While homicide used to be viewed as a series of unconnected, uncontrollable episodes,
it is now seen as part of the larger, general problem of violence.
After death occurs, the body tends to assume the temperature of its environment.
This postmortem cooling process of the body is extremely helpful in homicides.
Which term best describes this process?
algor mortis
"A willful or intentional commission of a series of acts that would cause a
reasonable person to fear death or serious bodily injury and that, in fact, does
place the victim in fear of death or serious bodily injury" is known as _____.
stalking
Which charge involves premeditation or intent in murder cases?
first-degree murder
In certain situations, elements beyond law enforcement's control prevent the
agency from arresting and formally charging the offender. When this occurs, the
agency can clear the offenses _____.
exceptionally
Aggravated or felonious assault is an unlawful attack by one person on another
_____.
to inflict severe bodily injury
Premeditation is _____.
consideration, planning or preparing for an act, no matter how briefly, before committing
it
Perhaps the most well-known domestic violence case, where the police
department was ordered to pay almost $1 million because they failed to protect
the victim from her abusive husband, even while she was being beaten by him
with an officer present, is the _____.
Tracy Thurman case
When a firearm is in close proximity to the body—fired from 18 inches away or
less—the resulting marks on the body or clothing are referred to as _____.
tattooing
Which term literally translates to "stiffness of death" and refers to the stiffening
of joints of the entire body after death due to partial skeletal muscle contraction?
