Course Title: Zoogeography and
Paleontology
Course code: ZOL-603
Credit hours: 3(3-0)
Class: BS-7th
Teacher’s name: Rabia Usman
Zoology, GCWUF
,BARRIERS & MEANS OF
DISPERSAL OF
ANIMALS
,• Animals constantly try to expand their habitat.
Three factors affect the distribution of animals.
• barriers (major factors affecting animal distribution)
• adaptation of animals in the environment
• means of dispersal
Barriers
A barrier is any factor in the environment that affects
the distribution of animals
It is a physical, chemical or climatic obstruction that the animals
cannot ordinarily cross
There are two types of barriers
1) Topographic barrier
2) Ecological barrier
, Topographic barriers
the physical obstructions which the animals cannot cross like
mountains,
rivers, oceans, canals,
Deserts,
Forests etc..
Mountains
Land mass
Seas and oceans
Paleontology
Course code: ZOL-603
Credit hours: 3(3-0)
Class: BS-7th
Teacher’s name: Rabia Usman
Zoology, GCWUF
,BARRIERS & MEANS OF
DISPERSAL OF
ANIMALS
,• Animals constantly try to expand their habitat.
Three factors affect the distribution of animals.
• barriers (major factors affecting animal distribution)
• adaptation of animals in the environment
• means of dispersal
Barriers
A barrier is any factor in the environment that affects
the distribution of animals
It is a physical, chemical or climatic obstruction that the animals
cannot ordinarily cross
There are two types of barriers
1) Topographic barrier
2) Ecological barrier
, Topographic barriers
the physical obstructions which the animals cannot cross like
mountains,
rivers, oceans, canals,
Deserts,
Forests etc..
Mountains
Land mass
Seas and oceans
