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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11
Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Class 12
Chapter 11 Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Exercise Solutions
Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 205
Q1 :
Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as
therapeutics (use the internet).
Answer :
Recombinant proteins are obtained from the recombinant DNA technology. This technology involves the transfer of
specific genes from an organism into another organism using vectors and restriction enzymes as molecular tools.
Ten recombinant proteins used in medical practice are -
Recombinant protein Therapeutic use
1. Insulin Treatment for type I diabetes mellitus
2. Interferon-α Used for chronic hepatitis C
3. Interferon -β Used for herpes and viral enteritis
4. Coagulation factor VII Treatment of haemophilia A
5. Coagulation factor IX Treatment of haemophilia B
6. DNAase I Treatment of cystic fibrosis
7. Anti-thrombin III Prevention of blood clot
8. Interferon B. For treatment of multiple sclerosis
9. Human recombinant growth hormone For promoting growth in an individual
10. Tissue plasminogen activator Treatment of acute myocardial infection
Q2 :
Make a chart (with diagrammatic representation) showing a restriction enzyme, the substrate DNA on which
it acts, the site at which it cuts DNA and the product it produces.
Answer :
The name of the restriction enzyme is Bam H 1.
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Q3 :
From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size? How
did you know?
Answer :
Enzymes are smaller in size than DNA molecules. This is because DNA contains genetic information for the
development and functioning of all living organisms. It contains instructions for the synthesis of proteins and DNA
molecules. On the other hand, enzymes are proteins which are synthesised from a small stretch of DNA known as
'genes', which are involved in the production of the polypeptide chain.
Q4 :
What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in a human cell? Consult your teacher.
Answer :
The molar concentration of human DNA in a human diploid cell is as follows:
⇒ Total number of chromosomes x 6.023 x 1023
⇒ 46 x 6.023 x 1023
⇒ 2.77 x 1018 Moles
Hence, the molar concentration of DNA in each diploid cell in humans is 2.77 x 10 23 moles.
Q5 :
Do eukaryotic cells have restriction endonucleases? Justify your answer.
www.ncrtsolutions.in
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11
Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Class 12
Chapter 11 Biotechnology : Principles and Processes Exercise Solutions
Exercise : Solutions of Questions on Page Number : 205
Q1 :
Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as
therapeutics (use the internet).
Answer :
Recombinant proteins are obtained from the recombinant DNA technology. This technology involves the transfer of
specific genes from an organism into another organism using vectors and restriction enzymes as molecular tools.
Ten recombinant proteins used in medical practice are -
Recombinant protein Therapeutic use
1. Insulin Treatment for type I diabetes mellitus
2. Interferon-α Used for chronic hepatitis C
3. Interferon -β Used for herpes and viral enteritis
4. Coagulation factor VII Treatment of haemophilia A
5. Coagulation factor IX Treatment of haemophilia B
6. DNAase I Treatment of cystic fibrosis
7. Anti-thrombin III Prevention of blood clot
8. Interferon B. For treatment of multiple sclerosis
9. Human recombinant growth hormone For promoting growth in an individual
10. Tissue plasminogen activator Treatment of acute myocardial infection
Q2 :
Make a chart (with diagrammatic representation) showing a restriction enzyme, the substrate DNA on which
it acts, the site at which it cuts DNA and the product it produces.
Answer :
The name of the restriction enzyme is Bam H 1.
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, www.ncrtsolutions.in
Q3 :
From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size? How
did you know?
Answer :
Enzymes are smaller in size than DNA molecules. This is because DNA contains genetic information for the
development and functioning of all living organisms. It contains instructions for the synthesis of proteins and DNA
molecules. On the other hand, enzymes are proteins which are synthesised from a small stretch of DNA known as
'genes', which are involved in the production of the polypeptide chain.
Q4 :
What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in a human cell? Consult your teacher.
Answer :
The molar concentration of human DNA in a human diploid cell is as follows:
⇒ Total number of chromosomes x 6.023 x 1023
⇒ 46 x 6.023 x 1023
⇒ 2.77 x 1018 Moles
Hence, the molar concentration of DNA in each diploid cell in humans is 2.77 x 10 23 moles.
Q5 :
Do eukaryotic cells have restriction endonucleases? Justify your answer.
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