NURS MISC Brunner And Suddarth's Medical Surgical Nursing 12 edition by Suzanne C. Smeltzer - Test Bank with 40 questions and detailed accurate solutions available

Brunner And Suddarth’s Medical SurgicalNursing 12 edition by Suzanne C. Smeltzer – Test Bank Chapter: Chapter 06: Homeostasis, Stress, and Adaptation Multiple Choice 1. A nurse is meeting with a young woman who has recently lost her mother and her job and has moved with her husband to a new city. Sheis complaining of acute anxiety and depression. What does the nurse knows that would be helpful to this patient? 2. A) Adaptation often fails during stressful events and results inhomeostasis. 3. B) Stress is a part of our lives, and, eventually, this young woman willadapt. 4. C) Acute anxiety and depression are seldom associated with stress. 5. D) Sometimes too many stressors disrupt homeostasis, and, ifadaptation fails, the result is disease. Ans: D Chapter: 6 Client Needs: A-1 Cognitive Level: ApplicationDifficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing ProcessObjective: 1 Page and Header: 79, Fundamental Concepts Feedback: Four concepts — constancy, homeostasis, stress, and adaptation — are key to the understanding of steady state. Homeostasis is maintained through emotional, neurologic, and hormonal measures; stressors create pressure for adaptation. Sometimes too many stressors disrupt homeostasis,and, if adaptation fails, the result is disease. Option A is incorrect; when adaptation fails, the result is disease. Option B is incorrect; if a person is overwhelmed by stress, she may never adapt. Option C is incorrect; acute anxiety and depression are frequently associated with stress. 2. You are the nurse caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed withcancer. The patient states that he will “never be able to cope with this situation.” What are you aware that coping is? 3. A) Coping is a physiologic measure used to deal with change, and hewill physically adapt. 4. B) Coping is the physiologic and psychological processes that peopleuse to adapt to change. 5. C) Coping is the human need for faith and hope, which create change. 6. D) Coping is a social measure used to deal with change and loss. Ans: B Chapter: 6 Client Needs: D-4 Cognitive Level: ApplicationDifficulty: Easy Integrated Process: Nursing ProcessObjective: 2 Page and Header: 79, Fundamental Concepts Feedback: Indicators of stress and the stress response include both subjective and objective measures. They are psychological, physiologic, or behavioral and reflect social behaviors and thought processes. The physiologic and psychological processes that people use to adapt to stress are the essence of the coping process. Option A is incorrect; coping is both aphysiologic and psychological process. Option C is incorrect; coping is a process used to adapt to change. Option D is incorrect; coping is a personal process used to adapt to change. 3. The nurse is with a young patient who has just been informed of his terminal illness. His heart rate increases, his eyes dilate, and his bloodpressure increases. The nurse recognizes this response as what? 4. A) Part of the limbic system response 5. B) Sympathetic nervous response 6. C) Hypothalamic-pituitary response 7. D) Local adaptation syndrome Ans: B Chapter: 6 Client Needs: A-1 Cognitive Level: Application Difficulty: Easy Integrated Process: Nursing ProcessObjective: 3 Page and Header: 82, Overview of Stress Feedback: The sympathetic nervous system responds rapidly to stress; norepinephrine is released at nerve ending causing the organs to respond (i.e., heart rate increases, eyes dilate, and blood pressure increases). OptionA is incorrect; the limbic system is a mediator of emotions and behavior that are critical to survival during times of stress. Option C is incorrect; the hypothalamic-pituitary response regulates the cortisol-induced metabolic effect that results in elevated blood sugars during stressful situations. OptionD is incorrect; local adaptation syndrome is a tissue-specific inflammatory reaction. 4. You are the nurse caring for a 72-year-old female who is recovering from abdominal surgery on the medical-surgical unit. The surgery was very stressful and prolonged, and you note on the chart that her blood sugars are elevated, yet she has not been diagnosed with diabetes. Towhat do you attribute this elevation in blood sugars? 5. A) It is a result of antidiuretic hormone. 6. B) She must have had diabetes prior to surgery. 7. C) She has become a diabetic from the abdominal surgery. 8. D) The blood sugars are probably a result of the “fight-or-flight” reaction. Ans: D Chapter: 6 Client Needs: A-1 Cognitive Level: ApplicationDifficulty: Moderate Integrated Process: Nursing ProcessObjective: 4 Page and Header: 83, Overview of Stress Feedback: During stressful situations, ACTH stimulates the release of cortisolfrom the adrenal gland, which creates protein catabolism releasing amino acids and stimulating the liver to convert amino acids to glucose; the result is elevated blood sugars. Option A is incorrect; antidiuretic hormone is released during stressful situations and stimulates reabsorption of water in the distal and collecting tubules of the kidney. Option B is incorrect; assuming the patient had diabetes prior to surgery demonstrates a lack of understanding of stress-induced hyperglycemia. Option C is incorrect; there is no evidence presented in the question other than elevated blood sugars that would supporta diagnosis of diabetes.