NRNP 6531 Final Exams Compilation(Q & Answers Bank)
Quizlet finals
What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)?
Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess
water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema.
Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level?
Hypernatremia
,Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is:
diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia
How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output,
history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months?
Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will
unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria.
When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior
to discharge?
Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole.
Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)?
hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension
What causes Cushing syndrome?
Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or
neoplasm).
Manifestations of Cushing syndrome?
hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia.
What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency?
Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Trousseau's sign?
A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Chovstek's sign?
A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates
hypocalcemia.
What is Babinski's sign?
An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt
instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults.
What is Romberg's sign?
,Loss of balance in standing when eyes are closed. Usually indicating a loss of proprioception or lesion in
the cerebellum.
What is Homan's sign?
pain on passive dorsiflexion of ankle, associated with DVT.
What is the clinical presentation of Goodpasture's syndrome?
Urinalysis: Specific gravity: 1.020. pH 5.5, 1+ albumin and large blood present.
Chest XR positive for bilateral diffuse infiltrates.
BUN 30, Cr 3.0
Symptoms: dyspnea with hemoptysis
What is Goodpasture syndrome?
Damage to alveolar and renal glomerular basement membranes by cytotoxic antibody.
Initial treatment for Goodpasture's syndrome?
Hospitalization, pulse dose of steroids, begin plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide therapy.
Characteristics of Grave's disease
Ophthalmopathy (lid retraction, scleral show, proptosis) and hyperthyroidism
What organism causes the formation of a staghorn calculus?
Proteus mirabilus
What organism causes Toxic shock syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus
What electrolyte disturbance is most likely to lead to tetany and neuromuscular irritability?
Hypocalcemia
Features of hypercalcemia include?
"Stones, groans, moans, and bones."
Delerium and renal stones
When you see hypochloremia, the patient may have?
Metabolic Alkalosis
Hyperkalemia is associated with what cardiac abnormalities?
, peaked T-waves, wide QRS, and ventricular arrhythmias.
A patient presents with arcus cornea, LDL 285, TG 110, HDL 45, and father died of an MI at age 45. What
is his most likely diagnosis?
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
A fasting blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL indicates:
Diabetes
What are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy?
smoking, previous tubal surgery, previous ectopic pregnancy, exposure to diethylibestrol, current IUD,
PID, advanced maternal age, infertilitiy for more than 2 years.
What hormones are most critical to replace in a patient at risk for anterior pituitary insufficiency?
Glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormone
What is diabetes insipidus?
a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss
CKD Stage 1
GFR >90 with evidence of renal damage, as indicated by proteinuria.
CKD Stage 2
GFR 60-89
CKD Stage 3a
GFR 45-59
Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month
CKD Stage 3b
GFR 30-44
What is the diagnosis and initial treatment of a patient with history of nonfunctional pituitary
macroadenoma with severe retro-orbital headache, nausea, vomiting, mental status change, right third
nerve palsy with stiff neck, and pituitary adenoma (enlarged) hemorrhage?
Quizlet finals
What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)?
Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess
water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema.
Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level?
Hypernatremia
,Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is:
diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia
How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output,
history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months?
Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will
unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria.
When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior
to discharge?
Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole.
Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)?
hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension
What causes Cushing syndrome?
Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or
neoplasm).
Manifestations of Cushing syndrome?
hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia.
What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency?
Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Trousseau's sign?
A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Chovstek's sign?
A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates
hypocalcemia.
What is Babinski's sign?
An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt
instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults.
What is Romberg's sign?
,Loss of balance in standing when eyes are closed. Usually indicating a loss of proprioception or lesion in
the cerebellum.
What is Homan's sign?
pain on passive dorsiflexion of ankle, associated with DVT.
What is the clinical presentation of Goodpasture's syndrome?
Urinalysis: Specific gravity: 1.020. pH 5.5, 1+ albumin and large blood present.
Chest XR positive for bilateral diffuse infiltrates.
BUN 30, Cr 3.0
Symptoms: dyspnea with hemoptysis
What is Goodpasture syndrome?
Damage to alveolar and renal glomerular basement membranes by cytotoxic antibody.
Initial treatment for Goodpasture's syndrome?
Hospitalization, pulse dose of steroids, begin plasmapheresis and cyclophosphamide therapy.
Characteristics of Grave's disease
Ophthalmopathy (lid retraction, scleral show, proptosis) and hyperthyroidism
What organism causes the formation of a staghorn calculus?
Proteus mirabilus
What organism causes Toxic shock syndrome?
Staphylococcus aureus
What electrolyte disturbance is most likely to lead to tetany and neuromuscular irritability?
Hypocalcemia
Features of hypercalcemia include?
"Stones, groans, moans, and bones."
Delerium and renal stones
When you see hypochloremia, the patient may have?
Metabolic Alkalosis
Hyperkalemia is associated with what cardiac abnormalities?
, peaked T-waves, wide QRS, and ventricular arrhythmias.
A patient presents with arcus cornea, LDL 285, TG 110, HDL 45, and father died of an MI at age 45. What
is his most likely diagnosis?
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
A fasting blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL indicates:
Diabetes
What are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy?
smoking, previous tubal surgery, previous ectopic pregnancy, exposure to diethylibestrol, current IUD,
PID, advanced maternal age, infertilitiy for more than 2 years.
What hormones are most critical to replace in a patient at risk for anterior pituitary insufficiency?
Glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormone
What is diabetes insipidus?
a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss
CKD Stage 1
GFR >90 with evidence of renal damage, as indicated by proteinuria.
CKD Stage 2
GFR 60-89
CKD Stage 3a
GFR 45-59
Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month
CKD Stage 3b
GFR 30-44
What is the diagnosis and initial treatment of a patient with history of nonfunctional pituitary
macroadenoma with severe retro-orbital headache, nausea, vomiting, mental status change, right third
nerve palsy with stiff neck, and pituitary adenoma (enlarged) hemorrhage?
