What Is a System
Simply, a system is an organized collection of parts (or subsystems) that a
highly integrated to accomplish an overall goal. The system has various in
which go through certain processes to produce certain outputs, which
together, accomplish the overall desired goal for the system. So a system
usually made up of many smaller systems, or subsystems. For example, a
organization is made up of many administrative and management functio
products, services, groups and individuals. If one part of the system is
changed, the nature of the overall system is changed, as well.
, Types of System
• Abstract Systems- An abstract or conceptual system is an orderly
arrangement of interdependent ideas or constructs, which may or may
have any counterpart in the real world.
• Physical Systems- physical systems are generally concrete operational
systems made up of people, materials, machines, energy and other phy
things; Physical systems are more than conceptual constructs.
• Deterministic Systems- A deterministic system is one in which the
occurrence of all events is known with certainty.
,• Probabilistic Systems- A probabilistic system is one in which the
occurrence of events cannot be perfectly predicted. Though the behavio
such a system can be described in terms of probability, a certain degree
error is always attached to the prediction of the behavior of the system
• Open Systems- An open system is one that interacts with its environm
and thus exchanges information, material, or energy with the environm
including random and undefined inputs. Open systems are adaptive in
nature, as they tend to react with the environment in such a way, so as
favor their continued existence. Such systems are ‘self organizing’, in th
sense that they change their organization in response to changing
conditions.
• Closed Systems- A closed system is one, which does not interact with i
environment. Such systems in business world, are rare, but relatively clo
systems are common. Thus, the systems that are relatively isolated from
environment but not completely closed, are termed closed system.
, System development strategies
• Specification or functional design
• Architecture or technical design
• Programming or implementation
• Testing of new systems
• Documentation of the system
• Maintenance of the application system
Simply, a system is an organized collection of parts (or subsystems) that a
highly integrated to accomplish an overall goal. The system has various in
which go through certain processes to produce certain outputs, which
together, accomplish the overall desired goal for the system. So a system
usually made up of many smaller systems, or subsystems. For example, a
organization is made up of many administrative and management functio
products, services, groups and individuals. If one part of the system is
changed, the nature of the overall system is changed, as well.
, Types of System
• Abstract Systems- An abstract or conceptual system is an orderly
arrangement of interdependent ideas or constructs, which may or may
have any counterpart in the real world.
• Physical Systems- physical systems are generally concrete operational
systems made up of people, materials, machines, energy and other phy
things; Physical systems are more than conceptual constructs.
• Deterministic Systems- A deterministic system is one in which the
occurrence of all events is known with certainty.
,• Probabilistic Systems- A probabilistic system is one in which the
occurrence of events cannot be perfectly predicted. Though the behavio
such a system can be described in terms of probability, a certain degree
error is always attached to the prediction of the behavior of the system
• Open Systems- An open system is one that interacts with its environm
and thus exchanges information, material, or energy with the environm
including random and undefined inputs. Open systems are adaptive in
nature, as they tend to react with the environment in such a way, so as
favor their continued existence. Such systems are ‘self organizing’, in th
sense that they change their organization in response to changing
conditions.
• Closed Systems- A closed system is one, which does not interact with i
environment. Such systems in business world, are rare, but relatively clo
systems are common. Thus, the systems that are relatively isolated from
environment but not completely closed, are termed closed system.
, System development strategies
• Specification or functional design
• Architecture or technical design
• Programming or implementation
• Testing of new systems
• Documentation of the system
• Maintenance of the application system
