OB / PEDS HESI REVIEW

OB / PEDS HESI REVIEW ERICKSON'S BIRTH TO 1 YEAR Ans- INFANCY TRUST VS MISTRUST ERICKSON'S 1 - 3 YEARS Ans- TODDLER AUTONOMY VS SHAME & DOUBT ERICKSON'S 4 - 6 YEARS Ans- PRESCHOOL AGE INITIATIVE VS GUILT ERICKSON'S 7 -11 YEARS Ans- SCHOOL AGE INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY ERICKSON'S 12 - 19 YEARS Ans- ADOLESCENCE IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION ERICKSON'S 20 - 44 YEARS Ans- YOUNG ADULT INTIMACY VS ISOLATION ERICKSON'S 45 - 65 YEARS Ans- MIDDLE ADULT GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION ERICKSON'S 65+ Ans- LATE ADULTHOOD EGO INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR INFANTS LEARN TO TRUST OR NOT TRUST SIGNIFICANT OTHERS Ans- INFANCY BASIC TRUST VS MISTRUST CHILDREN LEARN EITHER TO BE SELF-SUFFICIENT IN MANY ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING TOILETING, FEEDING, WALKING, TALK OR TO DOUBT THEIR OWN ABILITIES Ans- TODDLER AUTONOMY VS SHAME & DOUBT CHILDREN WANT TO UNDERTAKE MANY ADULTLIKE ACTIVITIES, SOMETIMES BEYOND THE LIMITS SET BY PARENTS AND FEELING GUILTY BECAUSE OF IT Ans- PRESCHOOL INITIATIVE VS GUILT CHILDREN EAGERLY LEARN TO BE COMPETENT AND PRODUCTIVE OR FEEL INFERIOR AND UNABLE TO DO ANY TASK WELL Ans- SCHOOL AGE INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY ADOLESCENTS TRY TO FIGURE OUT, "WHO AM I?" THEY ESTABLISH SEXUAL, ETHNIC, AND CAREER IDENTITIES OR ARE CONFUSED ABOUT WHAT FUTURE ROLES TO PLAY Ans- ADOLESCENCE IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION YOUNG ADULTS SEEK COMPANIONSHIP AND LOVE WITH ANOTHER PERSON OR BECOME ISOLATED FROM OTHERS Ans- YOUNG ADULTHOOD INTIMACY VS ISOLATION MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS ARE PRODUCTIVE, PERFORMING MEANINGFUL WORK AND RAISING A FAMILY, OR BECOMING STAGNANT AND INACTIVE Ans- MIDDLE ADULTHOOD GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION OLDER ADULTS TRY TO MAKE SENSE OUT OF THEIR LIVES, EITHER SEEING LIFE AS MEANINGFUL AND WHOLE OR DESPAIRING AT GOALS NEVER REACHED AND QUESTIONS NEVER ANSWERED Ans- LATE ADULTHOOD EGO INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF ZINC OXIDE? Ans- DIAPER RASHES WHAT ARE NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR CAST CARE? Ans- NEUROVASCUALR ASSESSMENT 5 P'S: PAIN PALLOR PARESTHESIA PULSELESSNESS PUFFINESS MONITOR SKIN FREQUENTLY FOR ERYTHEMA OR TENDERNESS WASH AND DRY SKIN AT LEAST DAILY SMOOTH OR PAD SHARP CAST OR BRACE EDGES WITH GAUZE OR ADHESIVE TAPE TEACH CAST OR BRACE MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING ASSESS CIRCULAR DRESSING FOR EXCESSIVE TIGHTNESS STIMULATE CIRCULATION WITH GENTLY MASSAGE OVER PRESSURE AREAS WHAT IS DEFINED AS THE EFFORTLESS REGURGITATION OF THE GASTRIC CONTENTS IN TO THE ESOPHAGUS? Ans- GER - GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF GER? Ans- INCOMPETENT LOWER ESOPHAGEAL OR CARDIAC SPHINCTER WHAT IS MANIFESTED BY VOMITING OR SPITTING UP IN THE FIRST WEEK OF LIFE? Ans- GER - GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX WHAT DOES THE ASPIRATION OF THE GASTRIC CONTENT HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO CAUSE? Ans- APNEA CHOKING OR GAGGING AFTER FEEDING ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA WHAT IS THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT FOR GER - GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX? Ans- SMALL FREQUENT FEEDINGS THAT HAVE BEEN THICKENED WITH INFANT CEREAL WHAT POSITION PROMOTES GASTRIC EMPTYING IN GER - GASTROESOPHAGEAL RELFUX? Ans- PRONE POSITION WHAT WOULD YOU GIVE BEFORE MEALS AND AT BEDTIME WITH GER? Ans- REGLAN - METOCLOPRAMIDE WHAT IS THE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT FOR GER? Ans- NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION - WRAPPING THE FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH AROUND THE DISTAL ESOPHAGUS TO PREVENT REFLUX OF THE STOMACH CONTENTS INTO THE ESOPHAGUS WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO TEACH THE PARENTS IF THEIR CHILD HAS GER? Ans- TEACH THEM ABOUT FORMULA OR BREASK MILK THICKENED WITH CEREAL AND PROPER POSITIONING AFTER FEEDINGS WHAT IS AN OBSTRUCTIVE DISORDER IN WHICH THE GASTRIC OUTLET IS MECHANICALLY OBSTRUCTED BY A CONGENITALLY HYPERTROPHIED PYLORIC MUSCLE? Ans- HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS - HPS ARE BABY GIRLS OR BABY BOYS MORE LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED BY HPS? Ans- BOYS WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF HPS? Ans- UNKNOWN IN HPS, THE MUSCLE THAT SURROUNDS THE VALVE BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND THE DUODENUM BECOMES DIFFUSELY ENLARGED, WHAT DOES THIS CAUSE? Ans- THE PASSAGE BECOMES MORE NARROW AND DIFFICULT FOR THE STOMACH TO EMPTY RESULTING IN PROJECTILE VOMIT AT ABOUT WHAT AGE DOES THE VOMITING START IN A CHILD WITH HPS? Ans- 4 - 6 WEEKS OF AGE HOW LONG AFTER FEEDING WILL THE VOMITING START IN A BABY WITH HPS? Ans- 30 - 60 MINUTES AFTER EATING IF A BABY SHOWS LETHARGY, WEIGHT LOSS, POOR SKIN TURGOR, SUNKEN FONTANELLES AND LOSS OF SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE, WHAT DOES THIS CONFIRM? Ans- DEHYDRATION VISIBLE PERISTALTIC WAVES MOVE IN WHICH DIRECTION IN HPS? Ans- FROM LEFT TO RIGHT IN THE EPIGASTRIC REGION IN HPS, WHAT WILL PALPATION REVEAL IN THE EPIGASTRIUM JUST TO THE RIGHT OF THE UMBILICUS? Ans- OLIVE-SHAPED MASS WHAT IS THE SURGICAL INTERVENTION FOR HPS? Ans- FREDET-RAMSTEDT PROCEDURE WHICH IS A PYLOROMYOTOMY AFTER THE PYLOROMYOTOMY, WHAT WILL YOU DO FOR THE FIRST FEEDING? Ans- ADMINISTER GLUCOSE WATER 4 - 6 HOURS POSTOPERATIVELY AND IF THE INFANT RETAINS FOR 24 HOURS, START FULL FEEDINGS WHAT ARE NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOCUSED ON WITH HPS? Ans- MONITORING I&O CORRECTION OF ANY METABOLIC DISTURBANCES & REHYDRATION WHAT IS A DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITY OF THE FEMORAL HEAD? Ans- DDH - DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP WHAT IS THE SUBLUXATION OF THE HIP IN AN INCORRECT POSITION OR PARTIAL DISLOCATION OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN THE ACETABULUM? Ans- DDH - DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP WHAT ARE S/S OF DDH? Ans- - SHORTENING OF THE FEMUR ON THE AFFECTED SIDE - THIGH AND GLUTEAL FOLDS ARE UNEVEN OR INCREASED ON THE AFFECTED SIDE - LIMITED ABDUCTION OF THE HIP ON THE AFFECTED SIDE IN WHICH POSITION WOULD YOU PLACE THE HIPS IN A PAVLIK HARNESS FOR 4 - 6 MONTHS? AnsABDUCTION AFTER THE PAVLIK HARNESS ACHIEVES THERAPY, WHAT IS PLACED TO MAINTAIN POSITIONING FOR SEVERAL MONTHS UNTIL THE HIP IS STABLE? Ans- HIP SPICA CAST WHAT ARE IMPORTANT NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR A BABY WITH DDH? Ans- - MAINTAIN THE POSITION OF THE HIP JOINT - PREVENT COMPLICATIONS - PROVIDE STIMULATION NECESSARY FOR THE DEVELOPING I