AMLS Pretest and Post Test Questions and
Answers 2023
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation. She complained
of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and regular, BP 144/88, SpO2 95%
and T 102.3F (39C). The healthcare provider should observe for which complication?
Seizure
-Chapter 2
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare providers
note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the mouth. What
course of action should be implemented next?
Supplemental oxygen and suction
-Chapter 2
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are likely to
have which condition?
Pulmonary embolism
-Chapter 3
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological change?
Breakdown of fluid between the alveolar-capillary
membrane -Chapter 3
An anxious male complains of a sore throat, fever, chills, dental pain and dyspnea. the patient has a firm,
red pronounced swelling in the sublingual anterior throat area and tongue. What diagnosis is most likely?
Ludwig's angina
-Chapter 3
Patients on mechanical ventilation may have hypoxemia due to alveolar collapse from mucous
plugging. The best treatment for this is:
Administer PEEP
-Chapter 3
Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event?
,Vasodilation
-Chapter 4
An elderly patient in an assisted living facility presents with a diminished level of consciousness
and elevated white blood count. Assessment reveals pale, clammy skin and a urinary catherter
with dark colored urine. Vital signs are P132, R 38 and shallow, BP 78/46, SpO2 91% and T
100.8°F (32.8°C). What classification of shock is the patient most likely experiencing?
Distributive
-Chapter 4
Healthcare providers are assessing a patient with pronounced jugular vein distention and muffled
heart tones. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 74/52. What classification of shock should be suspected?
Obstructive
- Chapter 5
During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to cause a/an:
Increase in preload, afterload and re-absorption of
sodium -Chapter 4
A 42 year old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is taking glucocorticoids. Over the past
two weeks, she complains of chronic fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite with weight loss. Lab
results indicate hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. What underlying diagnosis is suspected?
Adrenal insufficiency
-Chapter 6
Which condition should the healthcare provider consider to usually be a non-emergent, non-life
threatening illness?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
-Chapter 5
Healthcare providers should use extreme caution with nitroglycerin when ST elevation is
present in which ECG leads?
II, III, aVF
-Chapter 5
Which is a high-risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage?
Cocaine drug abuse
-Chapter 2
, What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic
Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?
Crystalloid IV fluid resuscitation
-Chapter 6
What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis?
Narcotic overdose
-Chapter 6
What is the most effective treatment for an unconscious patient in respiratory acidosis?
Assisted bag-mask ventilation
-Chapter 6
An autoimmune disease which produces antibodies that mimic the role of TSH and cause
an increase in thyroid hormones is:
Grave's disease
-Chapter 6
Glucagon may not be effective treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia if they also have
which underlying illness?
Alcoholism
-Chapter 6
A 24 year old has completed a triathlon on a hot, humid day. The athlete complains of a severe
headache, muscle cramps and abdominal pain. As the patient history is obtained, the athlete becomes
lethargic. What underlying electrolyte disturbance should the healthcare provider most likely suspect?
Hyponatremia
-Chapter 6
What is the sign on the ECG that will indicate a patient is experiencing hyperkalemia?
Peaked T waves
-Chapter 6
An 82 year old alcoholic complains of nausea, non-bloody vomiting and severe epigastric and
right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the back. Palpation reveals epigastric tenderness
without peritoneal signs. What working diagnosis should be considered most likely?
Acute pancreatitis
-Chapter 7
Answers 2023
A 28 year old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation. She complained
of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P112, R22 and regular, BP 144/88, SpO2 95%
and T 102.3F (39C). The healthcare provider should observe for which complication?
Seizure
-Chapter 2
A 45 year old patient is found supine on the floor of the Triage area. Healthcare providers
note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations and vomitus in and around the mouth. What
course of action should be implemented next?
Supplemental oxygen and suction
-Chapter 2
Patients with a history of chronic bronchitis that present with shortness of breath are likely to
have which condition?
Pulmonary embolism
-Chapter 3
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological change?
Breakdown of fluid between the alveolar-capillary
membrane -Chapter 3
An anxious male complains of a sore throat, fever, chills, dental pain and dyspnea. the patient has a firm,
red pronounced swelling in the sublingual anterior throat area and tongue. What diagnosis is most likely?
Ludwig's angina
-Chapter 3
Patients on mechanical ventilation may have hypoxemia due to alveolar collapse from mucous
plugging. The best treatment for this is:
Administer PEEP
-Chapter 3
Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event?
,Vasodilation
-Chapter 4
An elderly patient in an assisted living facility presents with a diminished level of consciousness
and elevated white blood count. Assessment reveals pale, clammy skin and a urinary catherter
with dark colored urine. Vital signs are P132, R 38 and shallow, BP 78/46, SpO2 91% and T
100.8°F (32.8°C). What classification of shock is the patient most likely experiencing?
Distributive
-Chapter 4
Healthcare providers are assessing a patient with pronounced jugular vein distention and muffled
heart tones. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 74/52. What classification of shock should be suspected?
Obstructive
- Chapter 5
During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to cause a/an:
Increase in preload, afterload and re-absorption of
sodium -Chapter 4
A 42 year old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is taking glucocorticoids. Over the past
two weeks, she complains of chronic fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite with weight loss. Lab
results indicate hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. What underlying diagnosis is suspected?
Adrenal insufficiency
-Chapter 6
Which condition should the healthcare provider consider to usually be a non-emergent, non-life
threatening illness?
Thoracic outlet syndrome
-Chapter 5
Healthcare providers should use extreme caution with nitroglycerin when ST elevation is
present in which ECG leads?
II, III, aVF
-Chapter 5
Which is a high-risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage?
Cocaine drug abuse
-Chapter 2
, What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic
Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?
Crystalloid IV fluid resuscitation
-Chapter 6
What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis?
Narcotic overdose
-Chapter 6
What is the most effective treatment for an unconscious patient in respiratory acidosis?
Assisted bag-mask ventilation
-Chapter 6
An autoimmune disease which produces antibodies that mimic the role of TSH and cause
an increase in thyroid hormones is:
Grave's disease
-Chapter 6
Glucagon may not be effective treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia if they also have
which underlying illness?
Alcoholism
-Chapter 6
A 24 year old has completed a triathlon on a hot, humid day. The athlete complains of a severe
headache, muscle cramps and abdominal pain. As the patient history is obtained, the athlete becomes
lethargic. What underlying electrolyte disturbance should the healthcare provider most likely suspect?
Hyponatremia
-Chapter 6
What is the sign on the ECG that will indicate a patient is experiencing hyperkalemia?
Peaked T waves
-Chapter 6
An 82 year old alcoholic complains of nausea, non-bloody vomiting and severe epigastric and
right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the back. Palpation reveals epigastric tenderness
without peritoneal signs. What working diagnosis should be considered most likely?
Acute pancreatitis
-Chapter 7
