DRUG Table - psych meds

Neurotransmitter function: Serotonin: the feel-good neurotransmitter. Associated with happy feelings and happy thoughts Norepinephrine: Associated with alertness and energy Lack of Norepinephrine and serotonin is associated with depression. Dopamine: Associated with memory, attention, and reward center of the brain. Dopamine and Glutamate are associated with psychosis. GABA: Associated with anxiety. OBJECTIVE CLASS NAMES MOA MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS Anxiety and hypnotics Benzodiazepines (Use PRN or short term, work on an alternative as quickly as possible) Diazepam (Valium) Clonazepam (Klonopin) Alprazolam (Xanax) Lorazepam (Ativan) OLDER BENZOS. COOMONLY USED FOR SLEEP Flurazepam (Dalmane) Temazepam (Restoril) Triazolam (Halcion) Estazolam (ProSom) Quazepam (Doral) Enhances the effect of GABA at GABA receptor sites resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (antianxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties -CNS DEPRESSION -ABUSE, DEPENDENCE -SEDATION Drowsiness, no alcohol, sedated Short Acting Sedative Hypnotics (ZHypnotics) Zolpidem (Ambien) Zaleplon (Sonata) Eszopiclone (Lunesta) -Low dependancy rate -Fairly benign side effects **can cause psychological dependency affect GABAergic transmission, increasing the inhibition of neuronal excitability. Sedative-hypnotic drugs are used as anxiolytics, sedatives, muscle relaxants, anesthetics, and anticonvulsants -SHORT-TERM FORGETFULNESS -REBOUND INSOMNIA -HALLUCINATIONS -DROWSINESS Not so much of physical dependency Melatonin Receptor Agonist Ramelteon (Rozerem): Used mostly for sleep Doxepin (Silenor) Suvorexant (Belsomra) Buspirone (BuSpar): Used to treat chronic anxiety. Not prescribed PRN Agonistic effect on melatonin receptors in the hypothalamus -DAY TIME SLEEPINESS -DIZZINESS -FATIGUE